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      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can explain why water is essential for human life and I can identify some of the causes and consequences of people not being able to access water.

      Key learning points

      1. Humans need water to stay alive: for drinking, eating, washing, growing crops, energy production, trade and more.
      2. Most settlements were built around rivers for access to fresh water and trade.
      3. People around the world do not have equal access to clean, safe water.
      4. Lack of access to clean water has consequences for people including death and disease.

      Keywords

      • Energy - Energy is the power used to make things work, for example to provide heat or light or to operate machinery.

      • Trade - Trade is the buying and selling of goods and services between people, companies and countries.

      • Disease - Disease is an illness or sickness caused by poor health, infection or harmful substances, but not by injury or accident.

      • Settlement - Settlements are places where groups of people live and work.

      Common misconception

      That everyone, all around the world, can easily access clean fresh water whenever they need it.

      In the UK, it is easy to take water for granted because it comes out of the tap. This isn't possible in all communities. In some places, water is very scarce. People may have to travel miles to reach water as they do not have taps in their homes.

      Teacher tip

      Many charities such as WaterAid and Oxfam work to increase access to safe clean water for people all around the world. Pupils could visit websites to investigate what such charities do, there are also ideas for ways to fundraise for them if this is possible in your setting.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of violence or suffering

      Supervision

      Adult supervision required

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Which of these everyday tasks uses water?

      Correct answer: brushing teeth
      brushing hair
      Correct answer: washing dishes
      watching tv
      Correct answer: making a cup of tea

      Q2.
      How many days do you think humans can survive without water for?

      1
      10
      Correct answer: 3

      Q3.
      Where is a gutter located on a house?

      Correct answer: alongside the roof
      in the bathroom
      under the garden
      down an outside wall

      Q4.
      Match the words to the descriptions.

      Correct Answer:gutter,an open pipe next to a roof that collects rainwater
      Correct Answer:drain,a pipe taking wastewater from a building to the sewer
      Correct Answer:sewer,an underground pipe that takes wastewater away from buildings
      Correct Answer:stopcock,a tap that controls water entering a building

      Q5.
      What type of water do we get from taps in our homes?

      An image in a quiz
      rainwater
      Correct answer: mains water
      bottled water
      wastewater

      Q6.
      What do we call the water that is left after it has been used for a task like washing dishes?

      Correct Answer: wastewater

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      How do humans use water?

      for rain
      Correct answer: for eating and drinking
      in lakes
      Correct answer: to water plants and grow crops
      Correct answer: for transport and trade

      Q2.
      Humans survive without water.

      Correct Answer: cannot, can not, can't

      Q3.
      Which of these is the best location to build a new settlement?

      inside a forest
      on a mountainside
      Correct answer: near a river
      in a desert

      Q4.
      What does this map tell us about water supply around the world?

      An image in a quiz
      everybody has equal access to water
      Correct answer: some countries do not have enough water
      Correct answer: not everybody has equal access to water
      all countries around the world have enough water

      Q5.
      Poverty is a cause of lack of access to water. This is when people or countries do not have enough ....

      Correct Answer: money

      Q6.
      One of the biggest problems caused by lack of clean water is the spread of ....

      Correct Answer: disease, diseases, germs

      To help you plan your 3 geography lesson on: Water around the world, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...