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      Water supply and demand in the UK

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can explain why there is a need to move water from place to place in the UK to meet demand, and how this is done.

      Key learning points

      1. In the UK, water comes from surface water sources (rivers, lakes, reservoirs) and underground water sources (aquifers).
      2. The greatest demand for water in the UK comes from areas that have the least water supply.
      3. Reservoirs collect water in the wettest parts of the UK, to pipe to cities and towns in other areas for drinking water.

      Keywords

      • Reservoir - A reservoir is a lake built behind a dam to store water.

      • Aquifer - Aquifers are porous rocks that can store and filter water.

      • Pipeline - Pipelines transfer something from one place to another, usually a liquid or a gas.

      • Consumption - Consumption is the process of using up resources.

      Common misconception

      That aquifers are soaking wet and we can see or feel them.

      Aquifers are areas of porous rock deep underground, we can not see or feel them from the surface. Rocks, like cliff faces or outcrops that we can see are not soaking wet because the water is found far deeper within the aquifer.

      Teacher tip

      Where does the water come from where you live? Do you have a reservoir nearby? Pupils could investigate these questions by looking at water supply company websites, or even by visiting a local reservoir where facilities exist.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Choose the best word to complete the sentence. Many settlements were built near ...

      people
      fields
      Correct answer: rivers
      mountains

      Q2.
      True or false? All people in the world have equal access to water.

      true
      Correct answer: false

      Q3.
      How is water helpful for farmers?

      Correct answer: for watering crops
      for cleaning shoes
      Correct answer: for farm animals to drink
      for washing clothes

      Q4.
      What type of water body is shown in the picture?

      An image in a quiz
      Correct Answer: river

      Q5.
      Which of these factors cause a problem with access to a water supply?

      Correct answer: poverty
      Correct answer: distance from the source
      Correct answer: dry weather
      thirst

      Q6.
      Many settlements grew thanks to boats travelling on rivers buying and selling goods. This is called ....

      Correct Answer: trade

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Which of these are natural surface water sources?

      Correct answer: lakes
      swimming pools
      reservoirs
      Correct answer: rivers

      Q2.
      What is the purpose of constructing a reservoir?

      for people to fish in it
      to go swimming in it
      Correct answer: to store water in wet places
      for people to sail on it

      Q3.
      How is water transferred from reservoirs to other places that need water?

      in trucks
      in bottles
      in rain
      Correct answer: in pipelines

      Q4.
      If a rock is described as porous, what does this mean?

      there are holes in it
      it is not natural
      Correct answer: water can flow through it
      it is found underwater

      Q5.
      Complete the sentence. _______ is an example of a porous rock.

      iron
      wood
      Correct answer: chalk
      plastic

      Q6.
      What type of natural water source is found underground?

      Correct Answer: aquifer

      To help you plan your 3 geography lesson on: Water supply and demand in the UK, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...