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      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can describe alternative sources of energy to using fossil fuels, and some of their benefits and limitations.

      Key learning points

      1. Alternative energy sources include renewable energy sources and nuclear power.
      2. Renewable energy sources produce little or no greenhouse gas emissions.
      3. The cost of renewable technology is falling, making it more accessible.
      4. Nuclear energy is reliable and does not produce greenhouse gas emissions.
      5. There are disadvantages in using nuclear energy.

      Keywords

      • Renewable energy - sources of energy that can be reused and will not run out

      • Geothermal energy - energy from the heat inside Earth

      • Nuclear energy - is the energy from inside atoms which can be used to generate electricity

      Common misconception

      Renewable energy is always expensive to set up.

      Small-scale renewable energy projects such as micro-hydro plants can be fairly cheap and help communities in lower income countries.

      Teacher tip

      Use Google Earth with the class to look at the scale of the Bhadla solar park in India.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the keywords with their correct meaning.

      Correct Answer:Anthropocene,Current age where humans impact the planet

      Current age where humans impact the planet

      Correct Answer:Visualise,Making something easier to understand with images

      Making something easier to understand with images

      Correct Answer:Carbon emissions,Gases released when burning fossil fuels

      Gases released when burning fossil fuels

      Correct Answer:Urbanisation,When towns and cities grow and spread

      When towns and cities grow and spread

      Q2.
      Which of the following is a human cause of climate change?

      Solar flares
      Volcanic eruptions
      Correct answer: Burning fossil fuels
      Earth’s orbit

      Q3.
      What is the Anthropocene best known for?

      Correct answer: Humans shaping Earth’s systems
      Humans beginning to walk upright
      The extinction of the dinosaurs
      The formation of Earth

      Q4.
      One reason carbon emissions have increased in recent history is:

      Fewer cars on the road
      More tree planting
      Use of wind turbines
      Correct answer: Burning more fossil fuels

      Q5.
      Which of the following shows a positive human impact on the planet?

      Plastic pollution
      Habitat destruction
      Correct answer: Renewable energy use
      Deforestation

      Q6.
      Humans release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere when they burn fuels.

      Correct Answer: fossil

      4 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the keywords with their correct meanings.

      Correct Answer:Renewable energy,Can be reused and won’t run out

      Can be reused and won’t run out

      Correct Answer:Geothermal energy,Energy from heat within Earth

      Energy from heat within Earth

      Correct Answer:Nuclear energy,Energy from atoms used to make electricity

      Energy from atoms used to make electricity

      Q2.
      What makes nuclear energy different from fossil fuels?

      It uses wind
      It’s made from water
      Correct answer: It comes from atoms, not ancient organisms
      It can’t produce electricity

      Q3.
      Solar panels turn sunlight into .

      Correct Answer: electricity

      Q4.
      Why is it wrong to say renewable energy is always expensive?

      It's made of gold
      It's only used in rich countries
      Correct answer: Some types can be affordable and local
      It needs coal to work

      To help you plan your 9 geography lesson on: Alternative energy supplies, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...