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      Climate change and Nigeria

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can describe climate change impacts in Nigeria, list some ways in which the country is adapting, and explain what climate justice means.

      Key learning points

      1. Lagos is threatened by flooding and sea level rise.
      2. The north of Nigeria faces desertification due to drought.
      3. Farmers face changing rainfall and lower crop yields.
      4. Climate justice is about understanding that some people and countries are impacted by climate change more than others.
      5. Climate justice advocates for global action to support countries, such as Nigeria, to adapt to climate change impacts.

      Keywords

      • Climate change - large-scale and long-term change in the planet’s climate, including weather patterns and average temperatures

      • Subsistence farming - farming that provides enough food for the farmer and their family to live on, rather than for them to sell

      • Desertification - the process by which semi-arid land becomes drier and turns into desert

      • Greenhouse gases - gases in Earth’s atmosphere that trap heat

      Common misconception

      Everyone in Nigeria is impacted by climate change equally.

      Some people in Nigeria are impacted by climate change more than than others. Many different overlapping factors make some people more vulnerable to climate change impacts than others.

      Teacher tip

      Task 1 could be simplified by asking learners to focus on the consequences of one impact of climate change, such as more frequent and intense flooding.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of sensitive content

      Supervision

      Adult supervision recommended

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What is the largest city in Nigeria?

      Abuja
      Port Harcourt
      Correct answer: Lagos
      Kano

      Q2.
      What is one reason why people move from rural areas to Lagos?

      Fewer schools
      Correct answer: Higher-paying jobs
      Scarce housing
      Lack of industry

      Q3.
      Which of these is a lasting impact of colonialism in Nigeria?

      Nigeria was never colonised
      Correct answer: Borders created by Britain
      No changes to language or laws
      Equal development across all regions

      Q4.
      What is one challenge Nigeria faces today?

      No natural resources
      Overreliance on agriculture
      Correct answer: Inequality and uneven development
      Lack of internet access

      Q5.
      What type of climate does southern Nigeria have?

      Desert
      Temperate
      Correct answer: Tropical
      Arctic

      Q6.
      Which part of Nigeria is driest?

      South-east
      Central Plateau
      Correct answer: North
      Niger Delta

      4 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the keywords to their definitions.

      Correct Answer:climate change,Long-term shifts in climate and weather

      Long-term shifts in climate and weather

      Correct Answer:subsistence farming,Farming for family use, not to sell

      Farming for family use, not to sell

      Correct Answer:desertification,Land turning to desert due to dryness

      Land turning to desert due to dryness

      Correct Answer:greenhouse gases,Gases that trap heat in Earth’s air

      Gases that trap heat in Earth’s air

      Q2.
      Which area of Nigeria is most at risk from desertification?

      Niger Delta
      Lagos
      Correct answer: Northern Nigeria
      Eastern Highlands

      Q3.
      How does climate change affect subsistence farmers in Nigeria?

      It increases crop yields
      It improves rainfall
      Correct answer: It causes droughts and crop failure
      It lowers food prices

      Q4.
      Which statement best shows the effects of climate change in Nigeria?

      It affects everyone in the same way
      Only farmers notice climate change
      Correct answer: Some groups are more affected than others
      It only matters in cities

      To help you plan your 8 geography lesson on: Climate change and Nigeria, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...