New
New
Year 9

River management

I can describe different types of river management and explain the advantages and disadvantages of different approaches.

New
New
Year 9

River management

I can describe different types of river management and explain the advantages and disadvantages of different approaches.

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Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. Hard engineering is the building of fixed structures to help prevent river flooding.
  2. Soft engineering is working with nature to reduce the risk of river flooding.
  3. There are economical and environmental costs and benefits to different types of flood management.
  4. Flood management in one part of the river will have an effect on other parts of the river downstream.

Keywords

  • Hard engineering - the building of fixed structures to help prevent river flooding

  • Soft engineering - working with nature to reduce the risk of river flooding

  • Costs and benefits - the negative aspects of doing something and good reasons for doing it

  • Mitigate - making the effects of something less severe

  • Flood risk - the probability of a flood event occurring and its potential impact

Common misconception

Hard engineering is always very effective at protecting from flooding.

Channel straightening, dredging and embankments can all make flooding worse downstream, as the channel can hold more water and speed up the flow.


To help you plan your year 9 geography lesson on: River management, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...

Ask students if they have seen any examples of flood protection. Could use Googlemap street view to show examples of flood defences in Keswick.
Teacher tip

Equipment

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Lesson video

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Prior knowledge starter quiz

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6 Questions

Q1.
What is a river?
A moving body of saltwater
Correct answer: A natural flowing watercourse, usually towards an ocean, sea, or lake
A small man-made stream
A large underground lake
Q2.
The place where a river begins is called the .
Correct Answer: source
Q3.
What is the end point of a river called?
The delta
The estuary
Correct answer: The mouth
The source
Q4.
What process wears away rocks and soil along a river’s path?
Correct answer: Erosion
Transportation
Deposition
Precipitation
Q5.
Which of the following is an example of river deposition?
Water carving out a valley
Water carrying rocks downstream
Rain falling on the land
Correct answer: A river dropping sand and mud to form a delta
Q6.
What is a floodplain?
A high hill near a river
Correct answer: A flat area next to a river that floods easily
A dry desert
A mountain formed by a river

Assessment exit quiz

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4 Questions

Q1.
What is the main aim of river management?
To make rivers wider
Correct answer: To reduce the risk and impact of flooding
To increase rainfall
To build more rivers
Q2.
engineering involves building permanent structures to prevent flooding.
Correct Answer: Hard
Q3.
What does soft engineering focus on?
Using very heavy machinery
Stopping rainfall
Building bigger walls
Correct answer: Working with nature to reduce flood risk
Q4.
Why is it wrong to believe that hard engineering always protects against flooding?
Because it is cheap and easy to maintain
Correct answer: Because it can fail or cause problems elsewhere
Because it is always very effective at preventing floods
Because it protects wildlife habitats