This guide is going to show how to create desire lines for migration using GIS. In order to do this, we're going to use a map called Migration 2. And if you are able to sign into art just online, you can save all your work yourselves on that map. So this is a ready-made map and you can see we've opened the layers panel. If you can't see that, just open it by clicking layers on the top left there. And several layers are there, including one that hopefully can see already, in case not, I'm just gonna make it invisible then visible again, which is the UK. So we've got one point in the UK which is the destination for the migration that we're studying. In this ready-made map, one of the other layers is, of course, immigration UK 1990 to 2020, and we can switch that on to see that it's referring to all these places in the world from which there might be migration to the UK. We're gonna switch it off for the purposes of what we're doing with creating desire lines. So the layer is still there, just made it invisible. The next thing we're going to do is go to the UK destination country layer, which is the single dot in the middle of the UK. Just gonna switch it on and off so you can see it's there. And then we're gonna click the options at the end of the layer name to click show properties. And we're going to use the analysis tools, which is this icon on the right hand side. We're going to click that once, and it will show you some options for analysis tools. And we want this group of tools here. When we click that, there are quite a few of them, if we click this and see what's on offer. And they're in groups here, so you can see they're in dropdown menus. And the dropdown menu that we are interested in here is called use proximity. So we scroll down to that one and click use proximity. And the option we want to choose is called calculate travel cost. In spite of its name, this helps us to create desire lines. So if we click that, it then invites us to say, okay, where do you want these desire lines to come from in the from layer, and where do you want them to go to? So the place we want them to go to is the UK. So if we click that one first, we can see it says UK destination country points. So if we click that, we've told it where we want to go to and we want the layer to come from the immigration point layer that we glimpsed earlier on. So we're gonna click that and then we have told it where we want the desire lines to go from and to. Then we need to scroll down in the panel to analysis settings. And instead of drive time in measurement type, we need to select line distance. And that will calculate the distance and it will also draw a straight line from one place to another to create out desire lines. We then need to give our layer a name and it's gotta be unique describer. So we're gonna call it desire lines to the UK. And you have to wait a while for the desire lines to be created because a lot of data is being processed. There's a view status bar which we can click to see how that's going. And this can take a little while because it's generating a lot of data for desire lines for lots of places. So you just have to be patient until it's finished. And when it's created the desire lines, it's quite a spectacular outcome. So we just close that panel and the panel on the left and we can see we've got desire lines from all of those possible destinations to the UK. So we've created our desire lines and that's good work. So let's make sure we save it. I'm gonna save this file now, but you can save as with a different name if you want to, perhaps add your initials at the end. So there's a lot going on on this map. And of course we can see the desire lines are showing the great circle roots from each potential immigration source country to the UK. But the variation in the number of immigrants coming from the different source countries will vary tremendously. There'll be some countries with hardly any and there'll be some countries with very large numbers. So how can we prioritise that among this very large collection of data? Well, there are two ways of doing it. The first one is to use a filter. Let's see how the filter works for this data. First of all, in layers, we click on the options for the desire lines and then we click show properties. And what we can then do is click filter on the right hand side, and we're invited to add a condition called add new for the filter. So we go add new and the condition panel opens, and this we're going to filter by the rank of the countries to try and see if we can just see the top 10 countries of all the countries in the world that are shown here. So we click route name that we don't want that, we want the rank and we move down to where we can see that. And it's difficult to find. There it is. So rank 2020, yes, that's the one we want. We click that and then a histogram appears, and it's defaulting to show rank number 103. You can see it just there. But we just want to see the the top 10. And what's really quite good about this is you can actually see them by filtering it. So if we then say we want the filter to be less than a certain number, and because we want the top 10, we're going to say less than 11. It just shows us the top 10. Before we actually finalise that, just gonna show you how the filter works, it's almost like a transparency slider. So we can move through and see a progression of which countries in the world are ranked more or less highly for migration to the UK. I'm gonna scroll back, I'm just going to shut that window down so you can see that bit better. So I'm gonna scroll back now, so we're moving towards the the top hundred, and then we can move a little bit further and we probably can see the top 50 or so, and then we can move down to see the top 10. And it gets a little bit difficult to use that there. So I'm just gonna use these buttons here to go down exactly to number 11 'cause it's going to be less than that, which will be the top 10. And there we have it. So we can then click save. And we have our top 10 countries for immigration to the UK shown quite clearly. So let's just save our work.