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      Using GIS desire lines to visualise migration

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can use GIS desire lines to visualise migration.

      Key learning points

      1. Desire lines can be created using GIS to visualise migration.
      2. Filters can be used in GIS to declutter a map showing many desire lines.
      3. GIS desire lines can be configured to visualise migration proportionally.
      4. GIS desire lines can be configured with pop-ups to improve visualisation.

      Keywords

      • Desire lines - a graphical technique using lines on a map to show the simple direction of movement from one place to another

      • Filter - the selection of data in a GIS layer which declutters a webmap to visualise spatial patterns more clearly

      • Great circles - straight line routes which appear curved because they take the curvature of Earth into consideration

      • Pop-up - in GIS, a read-only display of attribute information (e.g. text, images, charts) often linked to a location

      Common misconception

      Desire lines and flow lines are often confused.

      Desire lines show a simple link between a source and destination; flow lines show the route taken between a source and destination.

      Teacher tip

      No matter what your level of experience is with GIS, go through all the steps yourself first until you feel confident and fluent. Don't worry if you make a mistake, everybody does, even experienced practitioners!

      Equipment

      The lesson will require students to have access to a suitable IT device, e.g. laptop. Some tasks would be facilitated by the students using a mouse for more effective and faster control of the cursor.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of sensitive content

      Supervision

      Adult supervision recommended

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What does the Human Development Index (HDI) measure?

      Population and housing quality
      Correct answer: Income, education, and life expectancy
      Access to the internet and mobile phones
      Climate and resources

      Q2.
      Which of the following is an indicator of economic development?

      Birth rate
      Correct answer: GNI per capita
      Literacy rate
      Infant mortality rate

      Q3.
      Which country is most likely to have a high HDI?

      Correct answer: Germany
      Chad
      Bangladesh
      Ethiopia

      Q4.
      Which of these is most likely to be a characteristic of a low-income country (LIC)?

      High access to tertiary education
      Long life expectancy
      High GNI per capita
      Correct answer: High birth rate and low literacy

      Q5.
      What does GNI per capita help show?

      Correct answer: Average income per person
      Government debt
      Personal tax levels
      Country size

      Q6.
      Which of the following best describes the development gap?

      Differences in government policies
      Correct answer: The difference in standards of living between the richest and poorest countries
      Climate zones around the world
      The gap between rural and urban life

      4 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the keywords to their definitions.

      Correct Answer:Desire lines,Lines on a map showing direction of movement from one place to another
      Correct Answer:Filter,A GIS tool that helps declutter a webmap to reveal spatial patterns
      Correct Answer:Great circles,Straight routes that appear curved due to Earth’s shape
      Correct Answer:Pop-up,A small window showing text, images or data linked to a location

      Q2.
      What is the main purpose of a GIS filter tool?

      To add new locations
      Correct answer: To select specific data and declutter the map
      To label all features at once
      To zoom in and out automatically

      Q3.
      How do great circles appear on most 2D maps?

      Correct answer: Curved
      Straight
      Zigzagged
      Invisible

      Q4.
      How do desire lines differ from flow lines in migration mapping?

      Flow lines are always longer
      Desire lines use curved paths
      They are both the same
      Correct answer: Flow lines show the route taken, while desire lines show direct movement

      To help you plan your 11 geography lesson on: Using GIS desire lines to visualise migration, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...