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      Challenges associated with urban growth: housing

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can describe how urban growth has created challenges for managing housing and quality of life in Jakarta.

      Key learning points

      1. There are challenges associated with managing urban growth in Jakarta.
      2. Rapid population growth has created housing shortages in Jakarta.
      3. There are challenges associated with squatter settlements in Jakarta.

      Keywords

      • Kampung - an informal settlement in Indonesian cities that is self-built without planning permission. Homes are overcrowded, poorly constructed and lack basic services

      • Infrastructure - the basic services and facilities needed for a city to function, such as water supply, electricity, sewage systems, transport and waste collection

      Common misconception

      Most homes in Jakarta have piped water and are connected to city sewage infrastructure.

      Only 65% of Jakarta has piped water. In kampungs, many homes lack running water and toilets, relying on public wells and pumps and shared toilet facilities, which can spread disease.

      Teacher tip

      Students could use satellite images to locate areas of Jakarta where kampungs have been built along rivers and in other marginal areas such as along railway lines.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the keywords to their definitions:

      Correct Answer:Subsidence,Land sinking due to overuse of groundwater

      Land sinking due to overuse of groundwater

      Correct Answer:World city,A city with global economic and cultural influence

      A city with global economic and cultural influence

      Correct Answer:Natural increase,When the birth rate is higher than the death rate

      When the birth rate is higher than the death rate

      Q2.
      How does Jakarta’s location support its growth?

      It’s in the mountains
      It has many deserts
      Correct answer: It lies on a major shipping route
      It has no rivers nearby

      Q3.
      What does “natural increase” mean in Jakarta’s population growth?

      Correct answer: Birth rate is higher than death rate
      People moving in from other countries
      Migration from other islands
      People moving to the countryside

      Q4.
      What is one problem linked to Jakarta’s rapid urban growth?

      Lack of internet access
      Correct answer: Flooding worsened by subsidence
      Earthquakes every week
      No people moving in

      Q5.
      Why might someone wrongly think Jakarta is only important nationally?

      Because it's Indonesia’s capital
      They know nothing about ASEAN
      They don't realise it has global links
      Correct answer: All of the above

      Q6.
      Which of the following is an effect of urbanisation in Jakarta?

      Less employment
      Population decline
      Correct answer: More pressure on housing and services
      Decrease in road traffic

      4 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the keywords to their definitions:

      Correct Answer:Kampung,Informal settlement, often overcrowded and self-built

      Informal settlement, often overcrowded and self-built

      Correct Answer:Infrastructure,Basic city services like water, transport, sewage

      Basic city services like water, transport, sewage

      Correct Answer:World city,A city with global economic and cultural influence

      A city with global economic and cultural influence

      Q2.
      What is a key feature of a kampung?

      Located in the countryside
      Correct answer: Informal housing lacking services
      Government-built homes with gardens
      Luxury apartments in city centres

      Q3.
      What does infrastructure include in a city like Jakarta?

      Shopping centres
      Tourist attractions
      Sports stadiums
      Correct answer: Basic services like water and transport

      Q4.
      Which of the following statements is not true for most homes in Jakarta?

      Many homes in kampungs lack toilets
      Correct answer: Most homes in Jakarta have piped water and city sewage connections
      Some residents rely on shared toilet facilities
      Not all areas have access to clean water

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