New
New
Year 10
AQA

Economic opportunities associated with urban growth

I can explain how urban growth creates economic opportunities in Jakarta.

New
New
Year 10
AQA

Economic opportunities associated with urban growth

I can explain how urban growth creates economic opportunities in Jakarta.

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Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. There are several important industrial areas located in Jakarta.
  2. Urban industrial areas have stimulated economic development in Jakarta.
  3. Urban growth has created a range of economic opportunities in Jakarta.
  4. Employment opportunities are changing from manufacturing towards services and from informal to formal sector employment.

Keywords

  • Employment - the availability of jobs and work for people, often used to measure economic opportunity and development

  • Formal sector - jobs which pay tax to the government and which come with legal contracts and benefits like a regular salary, sick pay and pensions

  • Informal sector - jobs which are not registered with the government and illegally avoid paying tax, and which do not have any protections for workers such as contracts, insurance against accidents, sick pay, holidays

Common misconception

As it is a city in a Newly Emerging Economy, most economic opportunities in Jakarta are in the informal sector.

A large majority of jobs in Jakarta are actually in the formal sector rather than in the informal sector, and the share of informal sector jobs is decreasing over time.


To help you plan your year 10 geography lesson on: Economic opportunities associated with urban growth, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...

Indonesia's Central Bureau of Statistics has a wide range of data about employment in Jakarta (DKI Jakarta) which can be usefully compared with other provinces of Indonesia. The publications are all available in English.
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Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Lesson video

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Prior knowledge starter quiz

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6 Questions

Q1.
Match the keywords to their definitions

Correct Answer:Subsidence,Sinking of land often caused by human activity

Sinking of land often caused by human activity

Correct Answer:World city,A globally important city for trade or finance

A globally important city for trade or finance

Correct Answer:Natural increase,When birth rate is higher than death rate

When birth rate is higher than death rate

Q2.
Which of these is a reason for Jakarta’s importance?

It's in a remote rural area
It has very little trade
Correct answer: It is the capital and economic centre of Indonesia
It has no major transport links

Q3.
What type of economic activity is common in Jakarta?

Subsistence farming
Correct answer: Technology and finance services
Fishing and forestry
Mountain tourism

Q4.
Jakarta is facing serious problems with land...

Correct Answer: subsidence

Q5.
Why is population growing rapidly in Jakarta?

Tourists are visiting more
People are moving away
There are fewer jobs
Correct answer: Both natural increase and rural to urban migration

Q6.
What does it mean to call Jakarta a ‘world city’?

Correct answer: It has global trade and finance links
It's in every continent
It leads the world in agriculture
It has no influence outside Indonesia

Assessment exit quiz

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5 Questions

Q1.
Match the keywords to their definitions

Correct Answer:Employment,The availability of jobs for people

The availability of jobs for people

Correct Answer:Formal sector,Jobs with contracts, taxes, and worker benefits

Jobs with contracts, taxes, and worker benefits

Correct Answer:Informal sector,Unregistered jobs with no tax or legal protections

Unregistered jobs with no tax or legal protections

Q2.
Why do some people work in the informal sector?

There are too many legal jobs
Informal jobs are safer
Formal jobs are always worse paid
Correct answer: They may lack access to formal jobs

Q3.
Which of these is an example of a formal sector job?

Selling fruit from a street cart
Working in an unlicensed car repair garage
Correct answer: Teaching at a government school
Washing cars at a roadside

Q4.
What’s changing about the job market in Jakarta?

Informal jobs are increasing rapidly
Correct answer: More people work in the formal sector over time
All jobs now pay the same
No one pays taxes

Q5.
Why might someone wrongly believe most jobs in Jakarta are informal?

They assume all urban jobs are insecure
They confuse informal work with illegal work
They think formal jobs are only in developed countries
Correct answer: All of the above

Additional material

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