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      Impacts of earthquakes in a developed and a developing country

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can use located examples to discuss the impacts of earthquakes in a developed and a developing country.

      Key learning points

      1. Primary impacts are immediate and caused directly by the tectonic hazard.
      2. Secondary impacts are indirect impacts and occur in the hours, days and weeks after the hazard.
      3. There is a range of reasons why primary and secondary impacts may differ between two earthquakes.

      Keywords

      • Magnitude - a measure of the energy released by an earthquake

      • Epicentre - the point on Earth's surface that is directly above where an earthquake happens underground

      Common misconception

      Tsunamis and landslides are primary impacts of earthquakes because they can cause massive damage to people and property.

      Tsunamis and landslides are secondary impacts of earthquakes because they happen as an indirect result of an earthquake. For e.g, ground shaking destabilises slopes, making a landslide more likely, especially if there is then also heavy rain.

      Teacher tip

      ArcGIS Online features layers that identify key aspects of eruptions, for example hazard risk zoning and evacuation routes.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of violence or suffering

      Supervision

      Adult supervision required

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What causes most earthquakes?

      Heavy rainfall
      Human construction
      Correct answer: Movement of tectonic plates
      Volcanic ash

      Q2.
      What is the point on Earth's surface directly above the earthquake focus called?

      Correct answer: Epicentre
      Fault line
      Crater
      Crater

      Q3.
      What is used to measure the strength of an earthquake?

      Wind scale
      Correct answer: Richter scale
      Flood gauge
      Barometer

      Q4.
      What is the 'focus' of an earthquake?

      Where the most damage occurs
      Where the shaking is felt
      Correct answer: The point inside Earth where the earthquake starts
      A volcanic eruption site

      Q5.
      Which plate boundary is most associated with powerful earthquakes?

      Constructive
      Correct answer: Destructive
      Conservative
      Passive

      Q6.
      What is a major secondary impact of an undersea earthquake?

      Tornado
      Volcano
      Correct answer: Tsunami
      Avalanche

      4 Questions

      Q1.
      What does earthquake magnitude measure?

      Depth of the focus
      Distance from epicentre
      Correct answer: Energy released by the earthquake
      Area affected

      Q2.
      What is the epicentre of an earthquake?

      The first place to be evacuated
      The origin inside Earth
      Correct answer: The point on the surface above the focus
      The furthest point affected

      Q3.
      Which of the following is a primary impact of an earthquake?

      Tsunami
      Waterborne disease
      Landslide
      Correct answer: Collapsed buildings

      Q4.
      Which of the following is a secondary impact of an earthquake?

      Ground shaking
      Cracks in roads
      Correct answer: Fires from broken gas lines
      Falling rocks

      To help you plan your 10 geography lesson on: Impacts of earthquakes in a developed and a developing country, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...