New
New
Year 9

People and things: relative clauses to define who, which, that

I can understand relative clauses that identify and add information about people and things.

New
New
Year 9

People and things: relative clauses to define who, which, that

I can understand relative clauses that identify and add information about people and things.

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Lesson details

Vocabulary and transcripts for this lessons

Key learning points

  1. Relative clauses add information about the noun in the main clause, without starting another sentence.
  2. English uses relative pronouns ‘who’, ‘that’, ‘which’, while German uses the definite article that matches the noun.
  3. In German the relative pronoun kicks the verb to the end of the relative clause; this is called word order three (WO3).
  4. Use indefinite pronouns 'jemand' ('someone') or 'niemand' ('no one') instead of a noun when the exact person is unknown.
  5. When using 'jemand' or 'niemand' in subject relative clauses, use the relative pronoun 'der' as for masculine nouns.

Keywords

  • Relative clause - adds information about the noun in the main clause

  • Relative pronoun - pronoun that introduces a relative clause, e.g., ‘who’, ‘that’, ‘which’ - in German words 'der', 'die', 'das' are used

  • Word order three (WO3) - the verb is sent to the end of the sentence or clause

Common misconception

The word for 'who' in German is 'wer'.

We use 'wer' to ask or report a question: 'Wer ist das?', 'Ich weiß nicht, wer das ist.' But in sentences like 'that is someone, who ...' we use a relative pronoun - 'der', 'die', 'das' - which matches the gender of noun it refers to.


To help you plan your year 9 German lesson on: People and things: relative clauses to define who, which, that, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...

Relative clauses are a useful structure for all sorts of definition games. Pupils can be encouraged to create clues for others to guess, e.g., 'das ist jemand, der ...' or 'das ist etwas, das ...', helping them practise both vocabulary and grammar in context.
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This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Lesson video

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Prior knowledge starter quiz

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6 Questions

Q1.
Which phrase would you use to address group of friends?

du bist
Correct answer: ihr seid
Sie sind

Q2.
Match the German and English.

Correct Answer:anziehen,to attract, put on

to attract, put on

Correct Answer:dienen,to serve, serving

to serve, serving

Correct Answer:fühlen,to feel, feeling

to feel, feeling

Correct Answer:halten,to hold, stop, keep

to hold, stop, keep

Correct Answer:nennen,to name, naming

to name, naming

Correct Answer:waschen,to wash, washing

to wash, washing

Q3.
Match the German and English.

Correct Answer:Bett (nt),bed

bed

Correct Answer:Dienst (m),service

service

Correct Answer:Ende (nt),end

end

Correct Answer:Nummer (f),number

number

Correct Answer:Oma (f),grandmother

grandmother

Correct Answer:Stuhl (m),chair

chair

Q4.
Order the words to say: 'We are expecting the guest at 7 o'clock.'

1 - wir
2 - erwarten
3 - den
4 - Gast
5 - um
6 - sieben
7 - Uhr

Q5.
Write in English: 'das Feuer ist zu heiß'.

Correct Answer: the fire is too hot, the fire's too hot

Q6.
Write in German: 'she collects the wood'.

Correct Answer: sie sammelt das Holz

Assessment exit quiz

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4 Questions

Q1.
Match up the sentence halves.

Correct Answer:Ich kenne die Frau,,die hier arbeitet.

die hier arbeitet.

Correct Answer:Ich lese das Buch,,das interessant ist.

das interessant ist.

Correct Answer:Er ist der Mann,,der sehr freundlich ist.

der sehr freundlich ist.

Correct Answer:Ich weiß nicht,,wer eine Katze hat.

wer eine Katze hat.

Q2.
Order the words to say: 'The children who play here are funny.'

1 - die
2 - Kinder
3 - , die
4 - hier
5 - spielen,
6 - sind
7 - lustig

Q3.
Write in German: 'somebody who is nice'.

Correct Answer: jemand, der nett ist

Q4.
Write in English: 'niemand, der hier wohnt, ist laut'.

Correct Answer: no one who lives here is loud, no one that lives here is loud, nobody who lives here is loud, nobody that lives here is loud

Additional material

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