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      Bertha von Suttner: perfect tense change of state verbs, superlative adjectives

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can use change of state verbs with 'sein' in the perfect tense and form superlatives before nouns, in the context of learning about the pacifist Bertha von Suttner.

      Vocabulary and transcripts for this lessons

      Key learning points

      1. Form the perfect tense using 'sein' with verbs referring to a change of state, e.g., 'ist eingeschlafen'.
      2. Form the superlative by adding '-ste' to the end of the adjective if it comes before a noun, e.g., 'billigste'.
      3. Some superlative forms are irregular, e.g., 'beste', 'höchste', 'meiste'. Others have umlauts as in the comparative.
      4. In 1905, Bertha von Suttner was the first woman to receive the Nobel Peace Prize.

      Keywords

      • Perfect tense - past tense formed with the present tense of 'sein' or 'haben' and a past participle

      • Sein - auxiliary verb used to form the perfect tense with some verbs, e.g., change of state verbs

      • Superlative - a form of adjective or adverb used to express the highest degree of a quality, e.g., 'the tallest', 'the most interesting'

      Common misconception

      Only verbs expressing a change of state take 'sein' in the perfect tense.

      Verbs referring to motion, which don't require a direct object (e.g., 'gehen'), take 'sein' in the perfect tense. Most verbs meaning 'happen' (e.g., 'geschehen', 'passieren') and the verbs 'bleiben' and 'sein' also use 'sein'.

      Teacher tip

      Task B1 could be used as a running dictation task prior to completing the gap fill exercise.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Which word means 'whole' or 'entire'?

      geschehen
      Correct answer: gesamt
      gesellschaftlich
      gewiss
      gewesen

      Q2.
      Match the German and English.

      Correct Answer:Hintergrund (m),background

      background

      Correct Answer:Preis (m),prize

      prize

      Correct Answer:Qualität (f),quality

      quality

      Correct Answer:Traum (m),dream

      dream

      Correct Answer:Unfall (m),accident

      accident

      Correct Answer:Wunsch (m),wish

      wish

      Q3.
      Match the German and English.

      Correct Answer:aufwachsen,to grow up

      to grow up

      Correct Answer:einschlafen,to fall asleep

      to fall asleep

      Correct Answer:erhalten,to receive, receiving

      to receive, receiving

      Correct Answer:gewinnen,to win, winning

      to win, winning

      Correct Answer:wachsen,to grow, growing

      to grow, growing

      Correct Answer:verbieten,to forbid, ban

      to forbid, ban

      Q4.
      Order the words to say: 'The house is located in the town centre.'

      1 - das
      2 - Haus
      3 - liegt
      4 - in
      5 - der
      6 - Stadtmitte

      Q5.
      Write in English: 'die Grenzen waren geschlossen'.

      Correct Answer: the borders were closed

      Q6.
      Write in German: 'my friend (m) is a refugee'.

      Correct Answer: mein Freund ist ein Flüchtling, mein Freund ist Flüchtling, mein Freund ist Fluechtling

      5 Questions

      Q1.
      Bertha von Suttner won the .

      Correct Answer: Nobel Peace Prize

      Q2.
      Which verb does not use 'sein' in the perfect tense?

      bleiben
      gehen
      passieren
      Correct answer: spielen
      sein

      Q3.
      Match the pronouns to the correct verb forms.

      Correct Answer:ich,bin

      bin

      Correct Answer:du,bist

      bist

      Correct Answer:er, sie, es,ist

      ist

      Correct Answer:wir, sie,sind

      sind

      Q4.
      Write in German: 'the cheapest apartment'.

      Correct Answer: die billigste Wohnung

      Q5.
      Write in German: 'the highest window'.

      Correct Answer: das höchste Fenster, das hoechste Fenster

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