Key learning points

1. William Wallace and the Scottish resistance had several victories against the English.
2. Scottish resistance helped to develop a common Scottish identity.
3. Edward I died in 1307 and Robert the Bruce continued the Scottish resistance.
4. Stirling Bridge was important because it was the first bridge across the River Forth.
5. The Battle of Stirling Bridge was an important victory because it boosted Scottish resistance against English rule.

Keywords

• Guerilla - a guerilla or ‘small war’ group is a small military force which make unexpected attacks on a larger army

• Outlaw - an outlaw is a person who has broken the law and who lives separately from the other parts of society because they want to escape punishment

• Schiltrom - a schiltrom is a military tactic which involved using long spears to protect soldiers from cavalry charges

• Causeway - a causeway is a raised path, especially across a wet area

• Chainmail - chainmail is a material made of small metal rings that have been joined together to make protective armour

Common misconception