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      The impact of the Elizabethan Poor Law

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can explain how the Elizabethan Poor Law changed the lives of those affected by it.

      Key learning points

      1. The 1601 Poor Law divided the poor into three distinct categories based upon their ability and willingness to work.
      2. These categories were dealt with differently, either by giving them aid, work or punishment.
      3. The 1601 Poor Law had mixed results; however, it remained a law for more than 230 years before being revised.

      Keywords

      • Impotent - impotent means helpless or powerless or unable to take effective action

      • Idle - idle means avoiding work or being lazy

      • Able-bodied - a person who has a strong and healthy body is able-bodied

      • Parish - a parish is a small administrative district that has its own church and priest

      Common misconception

      Laws are regularly scrutinised and updated by the government.

      Many laws remain unchanged and in place for an exceedingly long time. Sometimes new laws are created which make the old ones redundant, but other times there is no need to replace the existing law if it is still relevant.

      Teacher tip

      As a homework opportunity, ask students to research any local almshouses. They could look for when they were built, who built them and why, and who lived there.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of sensitive content

      Supervision

      Adult supervision recommended

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Which of the following helped the most with the worst problems that the poor faced during the early Tudor period?

      Correct answer: monasteries
      the rich
      the government

      Q2.
      Travelling poor people were known as .

      Correct Answer: vagabonds, Vagabonds

      Q3.
      Which Tudor king introduced the death penalty for a second offence of begging?

      Henry VII
      Henry VIII
      Correct answer: Edward VI

      Q4.
      What was the intent of the 1551 Poor Act passed by Edward VI?

      Correct answer: instructed every parish to collect money from the rich to be given to the poor
      people caught begging were sold into slavery for two years
      the impotent poor could apply for licences to beg in certain areas of a town

      Q5.
      Which groups of people had to attend houses of correction following an act passed by Elizabeth I in 1575?

      Correct answer: the idle
      Correct answer: the able-bodied poor
      the impotent poor

      Q6.
      Match the name of the act introduced by Elizabeth I with its action.

      Correct Answer:1572 Vagabonds Act,punished beggars by burning a hole through their ear

      punished beggars by burning a hole through their ear

      Correct Answer:1563 Act for the Relief of the Poor,fined any rich person who did not help the poor in their parish

      fined any rich person who did not help the poor in their parish

      Correct Answer:1601 Poor Relief Act,divided the poor into three categories

      divided the poor into three categories

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      A person who has a strong and healthy body is .

      Correct Answer: able-bodied, Able-bodied

      Q2.
      means avoiding work or being lazy.

      Correct Answer: Idle, idle

      Q3.
      What happened to the impotent poor under the 1601 Poor Law?

      Correct answer: They were provided with food and housing.
      Correct answer: Orphaned children could become apprentices to craftsmen.
      They were sent to a house of correction.

      Q4.
      What punishment was given to the idle poor under the 1601 Poor Law?

      Correct answer: They would be whipped.
      Correct answer: They were sent to a house of correction.
      Correct answer: They were forced to work.
      They received the death penalty.

      Q5.
      Why was there a great deal of variety in how the 1601 Poor Law worked?

      Some people felt that it wasn't needed as charity was doing a good job.
      Correct answer: The law had to be organised at a parish level and there were 15000 parishes.
      Correct answer: Interpretations of who fit into each category differed from place to place.

      Q6.
      How long did the 1601 Poor Law last for until it was changed?

      roughly 230 years
      roughly 130 years
      roughly 30 years

      To help you plan your 8 history lesson on: The impact of the Elizabethan Poor Law, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...