New
New
Year 7

Background to the Crusades: the medieval Western Church

I can describe how the pope's power had increased by the 11th century.

New
New
Year 7

Background to the Crusades: the medieval Western Church

I can describe how the pope's power had increased by the 11th century.

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Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. The Western Church was headed by the pope.
  2. In the early medieval period the pope and Church had little power compared to local kings, but gained more over time.
  3. Throughout the medieval period there was a power struggle between local kings and the pope over control of religion.
  4. The Church had gained significant control over the lives of Western Europeans by the 11th century.
  5. Christianity was a fundamental aspect of life for medieval Europeans.

Keywords

  • Church - the Church is the organisation of the Christian religion

  • Pope - the pope is the head of the Roman Catholic Church

  • Bishop - a bishop is a senior member of the Christian Church

  • Excommunication - excommunication is the action of officially excluding someone from participation in the sacraments and services of the Christian Church

Common misconception

The pope has always been the most powerful person in the Roman Catholic Church.

For much of the medieval period, a power struggle between the pope and local kings took place for control of religion within each country. In the early medieval period the pope had very little power at all.

For the third learning cycle, show students examples of doom paintings to demonstrate methods of control the Church used in medieval Europe. Ask students to consider how this would enable the Church to control the local illiterate population.
Teacher tip

Content guidance

  • Depiction or discussion of discriminatory behaviour
  • Depiction or discussion of sensitive content

Supervision

Adult supervision recommended

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2024), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Lesson video

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6 Questions

Q1.
The worship of images is known as .
Correct Answer: idolatry, Idolatry
Q2.
What do Byzantium, Constantinople and Istanbul have in common?
Correct answer: They’re all the same city.
They’re all the same country.
They’re all the same region.
Q3.
What happened to the main language when the Roman Empire collapsed?
Correct answer: It switched from Latin to Greek.
It switched from Greek to Latin.
It switched from Latin to English.
Q4.
Who were the early converts to Islam?
Correct answer: mostly pastoral nomads
the Seljuks
the Oghuz Turks
Q5.
What was the religion of Byzantium?
Islam
Correct answer: Christian
Jewish
Q6.
Which two were Islamic caliphates based in the Middle East?
Bourbons
Correct answer: Fatimids
Plantagenets
Correct answer: Umayyads

6 Questions

Q1.
The head of the Roman Catholic Church is the
Correct Answer: pope, Pope
Q2.
The action of officially excluding someone from participation in the sacraments and services of the Christian Church is known as
Correct Answer: excommunication, Excommunication
Q3.
This keyword is a senior member of the Christian Church.
Correct Answer: bishop, Bishop
Q4.
Who controlled the Papal States, a kingdom in central Italy?
the Carolingian kings
the Holy Roman Emperor
Correct answer: the pope
Q5.
Which two reasons prevented people from disobeying Church rules?
Correct answer: The threat of excommunication
Correct answer: The threat of poverty
The threa of violence
Q6.
Who led the Church in medieval Western Europe?
the Patriarch of Constantinople
Correct answer: the pope in Rome
the Sultan of the Seljuk Empire

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