New
New
Year 9

Ghettos and the 'Final Solution'

I can explain how Nazi persecution of Jews escalated after 1939.

New
New
Year 9

Ghettos and the 'Final Solution'

I can explain how Nazi persecution of Jews escalated after 1939.

Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. Germany occupied much of Europe during WW2.
  2. German expansion increased the Jewish population under Nazi rule and led to more extreme persecution.
  3. Ghettos were set up across Europe but their purpose changed over time.
  4. The 'Final Solution' was decided upon by the end of 1941.
  5. Extermination camps were set up as part of the 'Final Solution' and killed millions of Jews.

Keywords

  • Ghetto - an area of a city where people of a particular race or religion live

  • Deportation - to force a person considered foreign to leave a country

  • Forced labour - the use of prisoners as unpaid workers

  • 'Final Solution' - the name of the Nazis plan to murder all European Jews

  • Einsatzgruppen - mobile Nazi killing squad

Common misconception

Most Jews murdered during the Holocaust were killed in gas chambers in concentration camps.

Gas chambers were set-up in specially constructed extermination camps for Jews and killed millions, but roughly half of all Holocaust victims were killed by other means.

Encourage students to research the experiences of two different individual Holocaust victims. Particular regard should be given to making comparisons; after 1939, what was similar and different about the victims' experiences of persecution?
Teacher tip

Content guidance

  • Depiction or discussion of discriminatory behaviour
  • Depiction or discussion of violence or suffering
  • Depiction or discussion of serious crime

Supervision

Adult supervision required

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2024), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Lesson video

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6 Questions

Q1.
Write the missing word. A is a situation in which people refuse to buy, use or do something because they do not approve of it.
Correct Answer: boycott
Q2.
What happened as a result of the Nuremberg Laws?
Jewish shops were boycotted
Correct answer: Jews were banned from marrying non-Jews
Correct answer: Jews lost their right to vote
Jews were forced to change their names
Q3.
What was the German name for the 'Night of Broken Glass' which occurred in November 1938?
Correct Answer: Kristallnacht
Q4.
What proportion of Jewish owned businesses in 1933 were transferred to the control of non-Jews or the German state under the policy of Aryanisation?
20%
Correct answer: 40%
60%
80%
100%
Q5.
Based on the poster, which inference is most valid?
An image in a quiz
The Nazis believed Jews were rich
The Nazis believed Jews were born abroard
Correct answer: The Nazis believed Jews were part of an international conspiracy
Q6.
Which statement is most accurate?
Nazi persecution was initially violent but became less extreme over time
Correct answer: Nazi persecution initially focused on isolating Jews rather than open violence
Nazi persecution of Jews was always extremely violent
Q5 United States Holocaust Memorial Museum

6 Questions

Q1.
What were the areas in towns and cities where the Nazis forced Jews to live known as?
Correct Answer: ghettos, ghetto
Q2.
Where were purpose-built gas chambers used by the Nazis located?
concentraton camps
Correct answer: extermination camps
ghettos
Q3.
How many Jews were brought under Nazi rule after the invasion of Poland in 1939?
one million
Correct answer: two million
four million
eight million
Q4.
Jews imprisoned in Lodz ghetto were required to do what?
armed service
Correct answer: forced labour
religious conversion
Q5.
Which method of killing was used in the Babi Yar Massacre?
gas chambers
Correct answer: mass shooting
starvation
Q6.
Starting with the earliest, sort the following events into chronological order.
1 - Invasion of Poland
2 - First ghettos set up
3 - Invasion of the USSR
4 - Einsatzgruppen carried out the Babi Yar Massacre
5 - 'Final Solution' agreed upon by Nazi leaders
6 - Extermination camps like Belzec became operational

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