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Lesson 3 of 4
  • Year 9

Menstruation and how cycles change with age

I can explain how menstrual cycles change with age.

Lesson 3 of 4
New
New
  • Year 9

Menstruation and how cycles change with age

I can explain how menstrual cycles change with age.

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Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. Menstruation is often irregular in young people.
  2. Perimenopause is often shown in irregular cycles, sleep difficulties, foggy thoughts, and is caused by hormonal changes.
  3. There is support available if a person is experiencing perimenopausal or menopausal symptoms.

Keywords

  • Fertility - how well a person can produce eggs or sperm and achieve pregnancy

  • Menarche - pronounced men-ar-kee; the time when a female has their first period

  • Menopause - when a female’s monthly periods end and the body stops releasing eggs, typically occurring in their mid-50s

  • Perimenopause - the transition period before menopause when a female's hormone levels change, leading to irregular periods and other symptoms

Common misconception

Once menstruation starts someone will get one period a month until they experience the menopause.

Most menstruating people experience between 11 - 13 menstrual cycles per year. However, pregnancy, stress, weight fluctuation, holidays and hormone changes can all disrupt cycles and therefore not everyone experiences a period ‘once a month’.


To help you plan your year 9 RSHE (PSHE) lesson on: Menstruation and how cycles change with age, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...

This lesson looks at menstruation and the changes that occur to the female body during puberty and beyond. This lesson covers general details of the menstrual cycle, but it may be necessary to offer greater depth if this has not been covered previously.
Teacher tip

Equipment

Content guidance

  • Depiction or discussion of sexual content

Supervision

Adult supervision required

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Lesson video

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Prior knowledge starter quiz

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6 Questions

Q1.
Menstrual cycles last approximately days.

Correct Answer: 28, twenty eight, twenty-eight

Q2.
Which of these is a good piece of advice for someone experiencing PMS?

eat lots of comfort food high in sugar
Correct answer: drink lots of water to stay hydrated
don't exercise; rest your body

Q3.
What age range does puberty begin on average?

10 - 15 years
Correct answer: 8 - 14 years
9 - 16 years

Q4.
What is PCOS?

Correct answer: PCOS is a condition that affects how the ovaries work.
PCOS is a symptom of puberty.
PCOS is a condition experienced by every female.

Q5.
Which of these are symptoms of endometriosis?

Correct answer: severe period pain
panic attacks
Correct answer: pelvic pain
insomnia

Q6.
PMDD stands for ...

Correct answer: premenstrual dysphoric disorder
premenstrual debilitating disorder
premenstrual disorder

Assessment exit quiz

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6 Questions

Q1.
Match the word to the correct definition.

Correct Answer:menopause,when a female's monthly periods end and the body stops producing eggs

when a female's monthly periods end and the body stops producing eggs

Correct Answer:perimenopause,the transition period before menopause

the transition period before menopause

Correct Answer:menstruation,the period of fertility

the period of fertility

Correct Answer:menarche,the time when someone has their first period

the time when someone has their first period

Q2.
Put the four phases of the menstrual cycle in order, starting with the earliest.

1 - pre-menstruation
2 - menstruation
3 - pre-ovulation
4 - ovulation

Q3.
What forms can hormone replacement therapy (HRT) take during perimenopause?

Correct answer: tablets
Correct answer: gel
injection
Correct answer: patch

Q4.
can help relieve many symptoms of perimenopause.

Correct Answer: Exercise, A healthy diet, Mindfulness, HRT, A healthy lifestyle

Q5.
Menstrual cycles can be disrupted by ...

Correct Answer: pregnancy

Q6.
True or False? Menstruation is often irregular in young people.

Correct answer: True, because cycles take time to regulate after they first start.
True, because young people don't produce enough hormones.
False, because all cycles are regular from the very first period.
False, because irregularity only happens in older people.