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Lesson 1 of 3
  • Year 7

Menstrual health

I can describe the menstrual cycle and explain how to track cycles.

Lesson 1 of 3
New
New
  • Year 7

Menstrual health

I can describe the menstrual cycle and explain how to track cycles.

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Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. There are four phases in the menstrual cycle; the length of cycle depends on many factors.
  2. Ovaries produce eggs which travel down the fallopian tubes to the womb or the uterus.
  3. The endometrium thickens ready for a fertilised egg; when an egg isn’t fertilised, the endometrium is shed as a period.
  4. Menstruation is different for all individuals and there is no ‘normal’.
  5. People can track their menstrual cycles and that can be helpful for preparation.

Keywords

  • Endometrium - the blood-filled lining of the uterus which sheds every month there is no fertilised egg implanted

  • Uterus - an organ, also called a womb, where a fertilised egg can grow into a foetus

  • Ovary - one of two glands that make and store egg cells

  • Fallopian tube - also called oviduct, one leads from each ovary to the uterus

  • Discharge - fluid made in the cervix or vagina that helps to keep the vagina clean and moist

Common misconception

Normal cycles last 28 days.

Cycles can vary in length between 21 and 45 days. Cycles vary most when someone's periods have just started (the menarche) and when someone is approaching the menopause. Cycles can also vary, for example, because of stress.


To help you plan your year 7 RSHE (PSHE) lesson on: Menstrual health, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...

Consider discussing one interpretation of the Ishango Bone with the class which suggests it is the earliest known period tracker!
Teacher tip

Equipment

Content guidance

  • Depiction or discussion of sensitive content
  • Depiction or discussion of sexual content

Supervision

Adult supervision required

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Lesson video

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Prior knowledge starter quiz

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6 Questions

Q1.
Puberty is the stage in life between and adulthood.

Correct Answer: childhood, child, children

Q2.
Which of the following changes might occur during puberty?

Males develop wider hips.
Correct answer: Hair grows under arms and on genitals.
Correct answer: Females begin their periods.

Q3.
True or false? Everyone starts puberty at the same age.

Correct Answer: False, F, Incorrect, Untrue, Not true

Q4.
Match the word to the correct definition.

Correct Answer:emotional,relating to your feelings and thoughts

relating to your feelings and thoughts

Correct Answer:physical,relating to your body

relating to your body

Correct Answer:hygiene,keeping yourself clean and healthy

keeping yourself clean and healthy

Q5.
What products should be used to keep clean during puberty?

washing liquid
perfumed soap and cold water
Correct answer: soap and warm water
moisturiser

Q6.
Match the first part of the sentence with the correct second part of the sentence.

Correct Answer:Teenagers sleep more,because their circadian rhythm is different to children.

because their circadian rhythm is different to children.

Correct Answer:Teenagers may experience mood swings,because emotions can feel heightened and there are new stresses.

because emotions can feel heightened and there are new stresses.

Correct Answer:Teenagers develop at different times,because hormonal changes happen at different speeds.

because hormonal changes happen at different speeds.

Assessment exit quiz

Download quiz pdf

6 Questions

Q1.
Menstruation usually starts at around years old but can be earlier or later.

Correct Answer: 12, twelve

Q2.
Match the word to the correct definition.

Correct Answer:ovary,one of two glands that makes and stores egg cells

one of two glands that makes and stores egg cells

Correct Answer:fallopian tube,a tube, also called oviduct, which leads from an ovary to the uterus

a tube, also called oviduct, which leads from an ovary to the uterus

Correct Answer:endometrium,the blood-filled lining of the uterus which sheds every month

the blood-filled lining of the uterus which sheds every month

Correct Answer:discharge,fluid made in the cervix/vagina that helps keep the vagina clean/moist

fluid made in the cervix/vagina that helps keep the vagina clean/moist

Q3.
A menstrual cycle can vary between 21 and 45 days, especially when first starting periods, approaching menopause or when under .

Correct Answer: stress, pressure

Q4.
Place these four phases of the menstrual cycle in order:

1 - The endometrium is shed through bleeding from the vagina.
2 - The endometrium starts to thicken.
3 - An egg is released from an ovary.
4 - The endometrium is maintained but will be shed if the egg is not fertilised.

Q5.
On average, how much blood is lost per menstrual cycle?

about 4-8 teaspoons
about 4-8 gallons
Correct answer: about 4-8 tablespoons
about 4-8 litres

Q6.
Recording the date a period starts and stops is called:

tracing
trialling
testing
tracking