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Lesson 3 of 4
  • Year 11

Child development

I can explain the different parenting roles needed for the different stages in childhood development.

Lesson 3 of 4
New
New
  • Year 11

Child development

I can explain the different parenting roles needed for the different stages in childhood development.

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Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. Parenting plays a crucial role in childhood development.
  2. There are four stages in childhood development: infancy, early childhood, middle childhood and adolescence.
  3. Each stage is marked by different physical, cognitive, social and emotional changes.
  4. Each stage has challenges for a child to overcome.
  5. Parents and carers support children through these challenges, which change as they grow and develop.

Keywords

  • Infancy - the stage of childhood from birth to two years of age

  • Early childhood - the stage of childhood from two to six years of age

  • Middle childhood - the stage of childhood from six to twelve years of age

  • Adolescence - the stage of development from twelve to eighteen years of age

Common misconception

Children need parents and carers to fulfil the same roles throughout their childhood.

Parents and carers have the roles of caregiver, teacher, disciplinarian, supporter and role model which are needed throughout childhood. However, the emphasis and importance of each role will change over time and at different stages.


To help you plan your year 11 RSHE (PSHE) lesson on: Child development, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...

Have pupils think about parents or carers they know who have children of different ages, and ask them to identify the roles those parents or carers play.
Teacher tip

Equipment

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Lesson video

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Prior knowledge starter quiz

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6 Questions

Q1.
Which parenting style is categorised as having strict rules, high control and limited emotional warmth?

authoritative
Correct answer: authoritarian
permissive
uninvolved

Q2.
Which parenting style is categorised as having low emotional involvement and minimal rules or expectations?

Correct Answer: uninvolved, uninvolved parenting, uninvolved parenting style, the uninvolved parenting style, the uninvolved style

Q3.
If a parent/carer always gives in when their child has a tantrum in a shop, what is the child most likely to learn?

that tantrums are embarrassing and should be avoided
that their parent/carer is inconsistent and unpredictable
Correct answer: that tantrums are an effective way to get what they want
that shopping is a stressful experience for the whole family

Q4.
Match each parenting approach to its likely outcome for the child.

Correct Answer:very strict with many rules,may rebel or lack confidence

may rebel or lack confidence

Correct Answer:warm but with clear expectations,usually well-balanced development

usually well-balanced development

Correct Answer:few rules, very relaxed,might struggle with boundaries

might struggle with boundaries

Correct Answer:little involvement or attention,may feel neglected

may feel neglected

Q5.
'Bubble parenting' shows no parent/carer needs to be - being mostly authoritative is good enough.

Correct Answer: perfect

Q6.
Name one way that a child might behave if their parents/carers set no rules at home.

They become more creative and independent in their thinking.
They develop better problem-solving skills on their own.
Correct answer: They struggle to understand what behaviour is appropriate.
They learn to make responsible choices without guidance.

Assessment exit quiz

Download quiz pdf

6 Questions

Q1.
Which term refers to the stage of childhood from birth to two years of age?

Correct Answer: infancy

Q2.
Match each area of child development to what it involves.

Correct Answer:physical development,movement and body growth

movement and body growth

Correct Answer:cognitive development,understanding and knowledge

understanding and knowledge

Correct Answer:emotional development,feelings and moods

feelings and moods

Correct Answer:social development,interactions with others

interactions with others

Q3.
Which parental role is most important for an infant who is just learning to walk and talk?

Correct answer: being a caregiver who meets their basic needs and provides comfort
being a supporter who encourages their individual interests and hobbies
being a teacher who helps them with homework and academic skills
being a role model who demonstrates complex social relationships

Q4.
Which types of external support can parents/carers rely on?

only themselves
the child they are parenting
Correct answer: community resources
Correct answer: extended family

Q5.
Match each stage of childhood development to the correct age group.

Correct Answer:early childhood,two to six years

two to six years

Correct Answer:middle childhood,six to twelve years

six to twelve years

Correct Answer:adolescence,twelve to eighteen years

twelve to eighteen years

Q6.
A 14-year-old wants to choose their own clothes but also worries about fitting in with friends. This shows ...

they are confused and need their parents/carers to make decisions for them.
Correct answer: the normal tension between wanting independence and wanting to belong.
they lack confidence and should focus more on their schoolwork instead.
they are being influenced too much by social media.