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      The impact of population growth ( non-statutory Climate Change & Sustainability)

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can describe the impact of a growing population on our planet and make predictions for the future.

      Key learning points

      1. Population growth is the increase in the number of humans on Earth over time.
      2. The growing population has been driven largely by the increase in human life expectancy.
      3. Plotting data into a line graph can help to make predictions of population growth for the future.
      4. Population growth can lead to increased demand for food, loss of habitats and more production of greenhouse gases.

      Keywords

      • Population - The population of a place is all of the people living there.

      • Life expectancy - Life expectancy is the measure of how long a person may live.

      • Impact - The impact of something is the effect it has.

      • Prediction - A prediction is a statement saying what you think will happen.

      • Greenhouse gases - Gases which contribute towards global warming are called greenhouse gases.

      Common misconception

      Pupils may think that population size is only affected by the number of people being born.

      Use the lesson resources to explain that many factors have an impact on population size, with the main contributing factor currently being the increase in life expectancy.

      Teacher tip

      There are lots of websites and picture books which show what a million dots looks like. Share these with children to help them understand the huge scale of the numbers we are talking about in this lesson.

      Equipment

      None needed.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of sensitive content

      Supervision

      Adult supervision recommended

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      The planet that all humans live on is called .

      An image in a quiz
      Correct Answer: Earth, planet Earth

      Q2.
      What is life expectancy?

      Correct answer: the measure of how long a person may live
      the measure of how many humans there are on Earth
      the measure of a person’s height over time

      Q3.
      When something increases, what does this mean?

      it shrinks or gets smaller
      Correct answer: it grows or gets bigger
      it stays the same
      it gets folded up

      Q4.
      Scientists can use line graphs to make predictions about what may happen in future. What is a prediction?

      the findings from research
      a question about what might happen
      an estimate or guess about a number
      Correct answer: a statement about what might happen

      Q5.
      Life expectancy is now than it was in the past because of a lot of factors, such as better diets and more access to healthcare.

      Correct answer: higher
      lower

      Q6.
      Which type of diagram is best for showing how something changes over time?

      a bar chart
      a Venn diagram
      Correct answer: a line graph
      a table

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Gases which contribute towards climate changes are called gases.

      Correct Answer: greenhouse, green house

      Q2.
      Which of these is the main factor contributing to population growth?

      more babies being born
      Correct answer: people living longer
      more houses being built
      more food being produced

      Q3.
      What is population growth?

      the increase in average human height over time
      the increase in average human mass over time
      Correct answer: the increase in the number of humans on Earth over time
      the increase in life expectancy of humans over time

      Q4.
      Which of these things would not increase as the global population grows?

      Correct answer: spaces for wildlife habitats
      electricity use
      waste production
      demand for food

      Q5.
      Which of these things would lead to more greenhouse gases being produced?

      Correct answer: increased electricity use
      Correct answer: increased use of cars
      increased recycling
      increased number of babies being born
      increased conservation

      Q6.
      Alex has created a line graph showing changes in population from 1900 – 2023. Which of these can he do using his line graph?

      Correct answer: make predictions about the population size of the future
      see how big the global population was in 1700
      Correct answer: observe how population has changed over time
      understand the reasons for population growth

      To help you plan your 5 science lesson on: The impact of population growth ( non-statutory Climate Change & Sustainability), download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...