New
New
Year 9

The human gas exchange system and breathing

I can describe how humans breathe, including the roles of different parts of the gas exchange system.

New
New
Year 9

The human gas exchange system and breathing

I can describe how humans breathe, including the roles of different parts of the gas exchange system.

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Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. The structures and functions of the gas exchange system in humans.
  2. The mechanism of breathing, including the role of muscles, to move air in and out of the lungs.
  3. A pressure model to explain the movement of gases during breathing.

Keywords

  • Gas exchange system - The human gas exchange system is a group of organs that work together to enable us to breathe.

  • Pressure - The molecules of a gas in a container collide with the walls of the container and this creates pressure.

  • Volume - The volume of a gas is the amount of 3D space it fills.

  • Inhalation - Breathing in is called inhalation.

  • Exhalation - Breathing out is called exhalation.

Common misconception

Thinking that the heart is part of the gas exchange system, linked to the lungs by "air tubes".

This lesson explores the organs that make up the gas exchange system and how air is moved into and out of the lungs,

Using a bell jar, rubber sheet and balloons as a model to demonstrate breathing can help pupils to visualise what goes on and make sense of the abstract ideas.
Teacher tip

Content guidance

  • Risk assessment required - equipment

Supervision

Adult supervision required

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2024), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Lesson video

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6 Questions

Q1.
Which of the following organs is involved in breathing in the human body?
Heart
Stomach
Liver
Correct answer: Lungs
Q2.
Match the item to its description.
Correct Answer:Organ,A group of tissues working together.

A group of tissues working together.

Correct Answer:Organ system,A group of organs working together.

A group of organs working together.

Correct Answer:Tissue,A group of similar cells working together.

A group of similar cells working together.

Correct Answer:Cells,The building blocks of living organisms.

The building blocks of living organisms.

Q3.
Put these in order of complexity, starting with the simplest.
1 - Molecules
2 - Cells
3 - Tissues
4 - Organs
5 - Organ system
Q4.
In which living process is oxygen used to release energy?
Correct answer: Respiration
Nutrition
Excretion
Movement
Growth
Q5.
provide support for the human body and hold the body upright.
Correct Answer: bones, skeleton
Q6.
Skeletal in the human body contracts and relaxes to move the skeleton.
Correct Answer: muscle, muscles

6 Questions

Q1.
What is the name of the organ system in the body that enables breathing to occur?
Correct Answer: gas exchange system, gas exchange, respiratory, respiratory system, the gas exchange system
Q2.
Put the following parts of the gas exchange system in order, to show the path that air takes when it enters the body.
1 - Mouth
2 - Trachea
3 - Bronchus
4 - Bronchioles
5 - Alveoli
Q3.
Which part of the gas exchange system contracts and relaxes to change the volume of the lungs?
An image in a quiz
Alveolus
Bronchus
Correct answer: Diaphragm
Correct answer: Intercostal muscles
Ribcage
Q4.
When there is a pressure in the lungs, air will move into the lungs.
Correct Answer: Lower, low, lesser
Q5.
What does the glass bell jar in this model of breathing represent?
An image in a quiz
Correct Answer: rib cage, ribs
Q6.
Starting with the intercostal muscles, sort these statements into the correct order to describe the process of exhalation.
1 - The intercostal muscles relax.
2 - This pulls the rib cage down and in.
3 - The diaphragm also relaxes and curves up.
4 - The volume of the lungs decreases.
5 - This increases the pressure in the lungs.
6 - Air is drawn out of the lungs.