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      Advantages and disadvantages of plastic food packaging

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can describe advantages and disadvantages of plastic food packaging.

      Key learning points

      1. Many foods are sold packaged in plastic, which is usually made from non-renewable resources such as fossil fuels
      2. Plastic waste in landfills and oceans is a pollutant that takes a long time to degrade and can harm organisms
      3. Biodegradable bioplastics made from renewable resources are a sustainable alternative to traditional plastic packaging
      4. Plastic packaging helps prevents food spoilage and reduces food waste
      5. We must weigh up the benefits of using plastic packaging against emissions from production and damage to biodiversity

      Keywords

      • Plastic - a man-made material, usually made from fossil fuels

      • Pollutant - a substance that can harm living organisms when it is released into an ecosystem

      • Biodiversity - the range of different living organisms (species) in an ecosystem

      • Biodegradable - can be broken down by living organisms, including microorganisms

      • Sustainable - can be carried out over a long period of time with little or no negative impact on the environment

      Common misconception

      Thinking that plastic food packaging only has disadvantages, due to its effects as a pollutant in oceans and land ecosystems.

      This lesson explores the advantages of plastic packaging in reducing food waste, alongside the risks it can pose to biodiversity.

      Teacher tip

      Pupils may not feel they have much agency in being able to reduce the use and impacts of plastic food packaging. This issue is addressed in Task B.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Which of these is not an example of a fossil fuel?

      coal
      gas
      oil
      Correct answer: wood

      Q2.
      What is a pollutant?

      A material made by plants.
      A natural resource that we obtain from an ecosystem.
      Correct answer: A substance that can harm living things when it is released into an ecosystem.
      A substance this is found naturally in ecosystems.

      Q3.
      An activity is sustainable if …

      … it takes a long time to complete it.
      Correct answer: … it can be carried out without harming the environment.
      …. it harms the environment but does not take a long time to complete.

      Q4.
      According to the bar chart, which food has the lowest carbon footprint of greenhouse gas emissions?

      An image in a quiz
      Correct Answer: apples, apple

      Q5.
      According to the bar chart, which stage of producing chocolate contributes the most emissions to chocolate’s carbon footprint?

      An image in a quiz
      Correct answer: Land use change
      Farming
      Processing
      Transport
      Packaging

      Q6.
      The word means the range of different species living in a place.

      Correct Answer: biodiversity
      Q1 image 3 IhorL/Shutterstock.com Q4 Greenhouse gas emissions across the supply chain, adapted from original (https://ourworldindata.org/food-choice-vs-eating-local), Hannah Ritchie , 2020, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=114706754 Q5 Greenhouse gas emissions across the supply chain, adapted from original (https://ourworldindata.org/food-choice-vs-eating-local), Hannah Ritchie , 2020, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=114706754

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Match each word to its correct definition.

      Correct Answer:biodiversity,the range of different species in an ecosystem
      Correct Answer:pollutant,a substance that can harm organisms when released into an ecosystem
      Correct Answer:sustainable,can be carried out without harming the environment

      Q2.
      True or false? A biodegradable material can be broken down by living organisms e.g. bacteria

      Correct answer: True
      False

      Q3.
      Which of these types of food packaging is biodegradable?

      Correct answer: Cardboard made from trees
      Glass made from minerals
      Metal made from minerals
      Plastic made from fossil fuels

      Q4.
      What can biodegradable bioplastic be made from?

      Carboard coated with regular plastic
      Fossil fuels
      Recycled regular plastic
      Correct answer: Starch from crop plants

      Q5.
      Who identifies how plastic food packaging can help to limit climate change?

      Jun: It is made from fossil fuels so causes few emissions.
      Correct answer: Izzy: It helps to reduce food waste.
      Sam: It makes things taste nicer.
      Jacob: It can harm biodiversity when it pollutes ecosystems.

      Q6.
      True or false? Eating fruit and vegetables instead of meat will reduce emissions more than buying food without plastic packaging.

      An image in a quiz
      Correct answer: True
      False
      Q6 Greenhouse gas emissions across the supply chain, adapted from original (https://ourworldindata.org/food-choice-vs-eating-local), Hannah Ritchie , 2020, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=114706754

      To help you plan your 9 science lesson on: Advantages and disadvantages of plastic food packaging, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...