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      The past of a Spanish-speaking city: 'era', 'eras'

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can use the verb ‘ser’ in both the present and imperfect tenses to understand a text about a Spanish-speaking city.

      Vocabulary and transcripts for this lessons

      Key learning points

      1. The verb 'ser' is used to talk about traits.
      2. Its simple present forms are: 'soy', 'eres', 'es' and its imperfect tense forms are: 'era', 'eras', 'era'.
      3. Most Spanish adjectives go after the noun. We use them to describe objective qualities (e.g. traits, origin, colours).
      4. Prenominal adjectives go before the noun and are used to express subjective opinions or for emphasis.
      5. Some adjectives can come before or after the noun, but their meaning changes

      Keywords

      • Simple present - describes habitual events in the present: 'I do'

      • Imperfect tense - tense used to describe how things were or used to be in the past

      • Prenominal adjectives - adjectives that usually appear before the noun they describe to express subjective opinions or for emphasis

      Common misconception

      In Spanish, all adjectives go after the noun.

      Most Spanish adjectives go after the noun; they describe objective qualities (traits, origin, colours,...). However, some adjectives go before the noun; these prenominal adjectives often express subjective opinions or give emphasis.

      Teacher tip

      The teacher might ask students to research a Spanish-speaking country as a homework assignment.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Which noun is not linked to the environment?

      Correct answer: boda (f)
      bosque (m)
      medio ambiente (m)
      planeta (m)
      recursos (mpl)

      Q2.
      Match the Spanish and English.

      Correct Answer:charlar,to chat, chatting

      to chat, chatting

      Correct Answer:producir,to produce, producing

      to produce, producing

      Correct Answer:prohibir,to prohibit, prohibiting

      to prohibit, prohibiting

      Correct Answer:proteger,to protect, protecting

      to protect, protecting

      Correct Answer:resolver,to solve, solving

      to solve, solving

      Correct Answer:sobrevivir,to survive, surviving

      to survive, surviving

      Q3.
      Match the Spanish and English.

      Correct Answer:plástico (m),plastic

      plastic

      Correct Answer:sabor (m),taste

      taste

      Correct Answer:vidrio (m),glass

      glass

      Correct Answer:golpe (m),hit, bang

      hit, bang

      Correct Answer:llegada (f),arrival

      arrival

      Correct Answer:situación (f),situation

      situation

      Q4.
      Order the words to say: 'at the moment I am not paying attention'.

      1 - en
      2 - este
      3 - momento
      4 - no
      5 - presto
      6 - atención

      Q5.
      Write in English: 'hay un olor terrible'.

      Correct Answer: there is a terrible smell, there's a terrible smell

      Q6.
      Write in Spanish: 'they announce the show'.

      Correct Answer: anuncian el espectáculo, ellos anuncian el espectáculo, ellas anuncian el espectáculo

      4 Questions

      Q1.
      'Siempre gano el __________ premio'. Choose the correct adjective.

      Correct answer: primer
      primero
      primera
      primeros
      primeras

      Q2.
      Match the Spanish and English.

      Correct Answer:ser,to be, being

      to be, being

      Correct Answer:soy,I am

      I am

      Correct Answer:eres,you are

      you are

      Correct Answer:es,she, he, it is

      she, he, it is

      Correct Answer:era,I, she, he, it was; used to be

      I, she, he, it was; used to be

      Correct Answer:eras,you were, used to be

      you were, used to be

      Q3.
      Choose the meaning of the adjective in each sentence.

      Correct Answer:unique,Eres una persona única.

      Eres una persona única.

      Correct Answer:only,Soy la única persona aquí.

      Soy la única persona aquí.

      Correct Answer:big,Tengo un perro grande.

      Tengo un perro grande.

      Correct Answer:great,Eres un gran amigo.

      Eres un gran amigo.

      Q4.
      Write in Spanish: 'she used to be silly'.

      Correct Answer: era tonta, ella era tonta

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