New
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Lesson 2 of 2
  • Year 7

Who decides what is fair under the law?

I can explain how laws are applied fairly, how judges make fair decisions, and how people can get help if laws are unfair.

Lesson 2 of 2
New
New
  • Year 7

Who decides what is fair under the law?

I can explain how laws are applied fairly, how judges make fair decisions, and how people can get help if laws are unfair.

Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. Judges and magistrates make decisions fairly without being influenced by others.
  2. Laws are clear, so people know their rights and responsibilities.
  3. People can access help if laws are broken or unfair.
  4. Fair and independent systems help build trust across society.

Keywords

  • Judicial - relating to the branch of the state (the judiciary) responsible for interpreting and applying the law

  • Independence - judges are free to make decisions based only on the law and the evidence, without being influenced or pressured by the government or other powerful groups

  • Justice - fairness as a result of the application of a law, usually by a judge, in society

  • Legal certainty - laws are clear, consistent, and predictable so people understand their rights and know how the law will be applied

Common misconception

Judges or courts just “make it up” or are biased.

Independent courts follow the law and make decisions without outside influence to ensure fairness.


To help you plan your year 7 citizenship lesson on: Who decides what is fair under the law?, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...

Use real-life scenarios that relate to students’ everyday experiences to make abstract concepts like judicial independence and legal certainty more relatable. Encourage discussion so pupils can see how laws work in practice, and link examples back to the keywords to reinforce understanding.
Teacher tip

Equipment

Content guidance

  • Depiction or discussion of discriminatory behaviour
  • Depiction or discussion of serious crime

Supervision

Adult supervision required

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Lesson video

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Prior knowledge starter quiz

6 Questions

Q1.
The principle that all individuals within a state are subject to the same laws is called the of law.

Correct Answer: rule

Q2.
Which pupil's response is the best example of accountability? A pupil misbehaves in a lesson, but the teacher does not know who it was that started the disruption.

Correct answer: a pupil admits they started it and apologises to the teacher
a pupil says they know who started the disruption
a pupil says it was them but it clearly was not them
a pupil says they do not know anything about it

Q3.
A fair and equal law helps build in society.

Correct Answer: trust

Q4.
What Act was passed in 2010 which made it unlawful to discriminate against people based on protected characteristics, such as race or sex?

The Just Act
The Fair Act
Correct answer: The Equality Act
The Impartial Act

Q5.
Match each situation to what it shows.

Correct Answer:equality,anyone who speeds will receive a ticket, including a traffic officer

anyone who speeds will receive a ticket, including a traffic officer

Correct Answer:accountability,a company is fined for overcharging customers

a company is fined for overcharging customers

Correct Answer:independent,a judge is not influenced by external people or groups

a judge is not influenced by external people or groups

Q6.
Order these words to form a sentence.

1 - everyone
2 - must
3 - follow
4 - the
5 - law
6 - equally

Assessment exit quiz

6 Questions

Q1.
Laws help people understand their and duties.

Correct Answer: rights

Q2.
Why do countries have laws?

to make life confusing
to give leaders power
to punish people unnecessarily
Correct answer: to keep people safe

Q3.
A judge should make decisions based on , not personal opinions.

Correct Answer: evidence, facts

Q4.
If someone feels a law has been applied unfairly, what can they do?

ignore it and hope it doesn't happen again
ask friends and family for advice only
Correct answer: access legal help or challenge it in court
try to create a new law

Q5.
Match each word to its definition.

Correct Answer:judiciary,the branch of the State responsible for interpreting the law

the branch of the State responsible for interpreting the law

Correct Answer:independence,judges are free to make decisions without influence or pressure

judges are free to make decisions without influence or pressure

Correct Answer:justice,fairness as a result of the application of a law, usually by a judge

fairness as a result of the application of a law, usually by a judge

Correct Answer:legal certainty,laws are clear, consistent, and predictable

laws are clear, consistent, and predictable

Q6.
Which statement best challenges the idea that 'the law only matters for some people'?

laws are only for criminals
Correct answer: laws apply to everyone in society
laws are always optional to follow
laws are only for adults