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      How does climate action affect low income and newly emerging countries?

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can explain how climate action impacts low income and newly emerging countries, both positively and negatively.

      Key learning points

      1. SDG progress has been slower than expected due to challenges like global events, political changes & economic setbacks.
      2. Despite positive steps, such as renewable energy growth, the SDGs are not currently on track to meet their targets.
      3. For LICs, transitioning to renewable energy can take up a large share of GDP, hindering development.

      Keywords

      • Policy - courses of action or goals that people plan to carry out or are in the process of carrying out

      • Climate action - efforts taken to combat climate change and its impacts

      • Industrialisation - the process of developing and expanding industries in a country or region

      Common misconception

      Climate action is positive for all of the world.

      Climate action aims to benefit the world, but creates political challenges. Whilst low income countries are asked to reduce industries, some of the world's largest polluters are wealthy nations, creating an imbalance in responsibility.

      Teacher tip

      Encourage pupils to think critically about the fairness of climate action. Discuss how low income countries may face disproportionate challenges compared to wealthier nations. Use real-world examples to help pupils explore both sides of the argument.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of discriminatory behaviour

      Depiction or discussion of sensitive content

      Supervision

      Adult supervision recommended

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the word to its definition.

      Correct Answer:high income country (HIC),typically has a strong economy and high gross national income (GNI)

      typically has a strong economy and high gross national income (GNI)

      Correct Answer:human rights,basic rights and freedoms that all people are entitled to

      basic rights and freedoms that all people are entitled to

      Correct Answer:resource scarcity,the limited availability of natural resources e.g. food, water, fuel

      the limited availability of natural resources e.g. food, water, fuel

      Correct Answer:climate action,efforts taken to combat climate change and its impacts

      efforts taken to combat climate change and its impacts

      Q2.
      The UN created the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to do what?

      make the world pay to limit the impact of climate change
      force governments to change their policies on certain things
      Correct answer: reduce the development gap between low income and high income countries

      Q3.
      Which of these is an example of soft power?

      invading a country
      sanctioning a country's economy
      removing a leader from a country
      Correct answer: building a school to promote education

      Q4.
      What does the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) primarily aim to protect?

      only the educational rights of children
      the political rights of adults concerning children
      Correct answer: all aspects of a child’s life, including health and standard of living
      children’s rights only in times of war or conflict

      Q5.
      What does the UNFCCC stand for?

      United Nations Forum for Climate and Carbon Cooperation
      United Nations Framework for Climate and Conservation Change
      United Nations Federation for Climate and Clean Cities
      Correct answer: United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

      Q6.
      What term is used to describe threats from outside of a country?

      Correct Answer: national security

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What is the missing word? There are 17 Sustainable Goals, including climate action.

      Correct Answer: Development

      Q2.
      What has contributed to the slower-than-expected progress in achieving the SDGs?

      Correct answer: Challenges such as global events, political changes, and economic setbacks.
      Increasing investments in sustainable technologies and renewable energy.
      Strong economic growth in developing nations and improved infrastructure.

      Q3.
      Match the terms to the definitions.

      Correct Answer:policy,detailed proposal or plan for achieving something

      detailed proposal or plan for achieving something

      Correct Answer:climate change,long-term changes in weather & temperature caused by human activities

      long-term changes in weather & temperature caused by human activities

      Correct Answer:industrialisation,developing industries in a country or region

      developing industries in a country or region

      Q4.
      In terms of emissions, which country is the top polluter in the world?

      UK
      USA
      India
      Correct answer: China
      Russia

      Q5.
      What is one challenge faced by low income countries in transitioning to renewable energy?

      Correct answer: high initial costs take up a larger share of their GDP
      lack of interest from global investors in renewable projects
      renewable energy technologies are too advanced to implement
      low income countries have enough financial reserves for transition

      Q6.
      Which of the following reflects recent progress in addressing global sustainability challenges?

      Correct answer: increased global awareness and renewable energy growth
      decline in renewable energy production, particularly in solar and wind power
      limited technological advancements and green technologies

      To help you plan your 11 citizenship lesson on: How does climate action affect low income and newly emerging countries?, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...