New
New
Year 11

How does the justice system work in the UK?

I can explain what justice means and how justice is carried out in the UK.

New
New
Year 11

How does the justice system work in the UK?

I can explain what justice means and how justice is carried out in the UK.

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Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. The UK justice system is based on the rule of law, which ensures fairness and equality for all.
  2. Justice includes access to legal advice, fair trials and support for both the victims and the accused.
  3. Sentences like prison, community orders and fines are used depending on the severity of the crime.
  4. These sentences aim to protect the public, rehabilitate offenders and deter future crime.
  5. Legal professionals help make sure the correct processes are followed and that everyone’s rights are respected.

Keywords

  • Justice - fairness as a result of the application of the law, usually by a judge, in society

  • Rule of law - the principle that all individuals within a state, including government and leaders, are subject to the same laws and must follow them; it ensures fairness, justice and accountability in society

  • Sentencing - the process of giving a punishment to a person found guilty in a court case

Common misconception

Justice is only about punishing criminals.

Justice is about punishing criminals but it is also about fairness, access to legal help and protecting the rights of all people, including victims and the accused.


To help you plan your year 11 citizenship lesson on: How does the justice system work in the UK?, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...

Emphasise that justice is about balancing fairness, the rule of law and equal treatment for everyone in society, no matter their status or wealth by using real-life current examples of justice being served in the lesson.
Teacher tip

Equipment

Content guidance

  • Depiction or discussion of discriminatory behaviour
  • Depiction or discussion of sensitive content
  • Depiction or discussion of serious crime
  • Depiction or discussion of violence or suffering
  • Depiction or discussion of sexual violence

Supervision

Adult supervision required

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Lesson video

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Prior knowledge starter quiz

Download quiz pdf

6 Questions

Q1.
The movement of people from one place to another is called ...
Correct Answer: migration
Q2.
Match the start of the sentence with its ending.
Correct Answer:People migrate to leave behind war ...,for their safety.

for their safety.

Correct Answer:People migrate to get opportunities ...,such as better jobs.

such as better jobs.

Correct Answer:People migrate to go to university ...,to study and learn.

to study and learn.

Correct Answer:People migrate to reunite ...,as a family.

as a family.

Q3.
The Windrush generation were invited to rebuild the UK after which war?
World War I
Correct answer: World War II
the Vietnam War
the Iraq War
Q4.
What is an example of devolution in the UK?
Correct answer: Wales making a new transport system so their bus network is improved.
Everyone being able to vote in a general election at the age of 18.
The UK signing the United Nations Convention on the Rights of a Child.
Q5.
Order the words to form a sentence about an important piece of legislation in the UK.
1 - The
2 - Human
3 - Rights
4 - Act was
5 - signed in
6 - 1998.
Q6.
In Scotland, free for everyone when they are unwell shows how national priorities differ from England, where people usually have to pay.
Correct Answer: prescriptions, prescription medication

Assessment exit quiz

Download quiz pdf

6 Questions

Q1.
Match the word with its definition.
Correct Answer:justice,fairness as a result of the application of the law in society

fairness as a result of the application of the law in society

Correct Answer:rule of law,the principle that all individuals are subject to the same laws

the principle that all individuals are subject to the same laws

Correct Answer:sentencing,the process of giving a punishment to a person found guilty in court

the process of giving a punishment to a person found guilty in court

Q2.
What is the main purpose of sentencing?
to increase prison numbers in society
to punish only offenders of a violent crime
Correct answer: to deliver a fair punishment that fits the crime
to reduce paperwork for all of the courts in the UK
Q3.
Order the steps in a court process.
1 - crime is investigated
2 - trial is held
3 - person is found guilty or not guilty in court
4 - if guilty, the judge or magistrate delivers a sentence
Q4.
Which of the following is not a sentence used in the UK justice system?
community order
electronic tagging
prison sentence
Correct answer: public voting
Q5.
Justice is not only about punishment, it also includes , such as helping offenders change their behaviour.
Correct Answer: rehabilitation
Q6.
Why is it important that legal professionals follow correct procedures?
so they can become judges
Correct answer: to protect the rights of everyone
to impress the media
so judges can skip trials