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      Should protesters ever break the law?

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can explain the contexts in which a protest might break a law and discuss whether breaking the law during protests is ever justified.

      Key learning points

      1. Everyone has the right to protest. This right is protected by law. However, restrictions can be placed on this right.
      2. Organisations might use a range of different protest tactics to achieve their aims, some tactics break the law.
      3. While protests are protected under law, they must find a balance with public safety and order regulations.

      Keywords

      • Law - rules, usually made by Parliament, that are used to order the way in which a society behaves

      • Protest - a public demonstration or action expressing disapproval or objection to a policy, decision, or situation, often aimed at raising awareness or demanding change

      • Disorder - disruptive or violent behaviour

      Common misconception

      Breaking the law during a protest is always justified if the cause is important.

      Breaking the law during a protest can have legal consequences and can undermine public support. In a democracy, lawful methods are typically seen as more effective and legitimate forms of protest.

      Teacher tip

      Focus on guiding pupils to critically analyse the ethical dilemmas around breaking the law during protests. Encourage them to engage with both sides of the argument, using real-world examples to explore ethics, justice and consequences thoughtfully.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of discriminatory behaviour

      Depiction or discussion of sensitive content

      Supervision

      Adult supervision recommended

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the word to its definition.

      Correct Answer:change,making something different; altering or modifying something
      Correct Answer:changemaker,someone who brings about change through their deliberate actions
      Correct Answer:active citizenship,learning to participate in democracy and create change
      Correct Answer:collective action,acting together to achieve a common goal

      Q2.
      If a person has their rights denied, they have the right to have this heard in what type of place?

      Correct Answer: Court , a court, the court, the courts

      Q3.
      Which of the following are a protected characteristic under the Equality Act (2010)?

      hair colour
      eye colour
      Correct answer: sex

      Q4.
      What type of protest involves a person refusing to buy a certain product or service until they change?

      Correct Answer: Boycott, a boycott

      Q5.
      In the UK, which house in Parliament creates laws?

      Supreme Court
      Magistrates Court
      Correct answer: House of Commons
      the King
      the Prime Minister

      Q6.
      Which of the following best describes a changemaker?

      Someone with significant wealth and connections who leads large-scale projects.
      Correct answer: Someone who actively works to create positive change, regardless of resources.
      A government official who implements policy changes.
      A celebrity using their influence to promote causes.

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the terms to the correct definitions.

      Correct Answer:disorder,disruptive or violent behaviour
      Correct Answer:law,rules that are used to order the way in which a society behaves
      Correct Answer:protest,a public demonstration or action expressing disapproval or objection

      Q2.
      Which group wants to end fossil fuel extraction by 2030 and uses disruptive means of protest?

      Correct Answer: Just Stop Oil, JSO

      Q3.
      Which group campaigned for women's right to vote using more disruptive methods?

      Correct Answer: Suffragettes , The Suffragettes, WSPU

      Q4.
      Which two of these are tactics used by Just Stop Oil?

      setting fire to letterboxes
      disrupting public meetings
      Correct answer: slow walking in a road
      Correct answer: vandalising public buildings with paint

      Q5.
      Which two of these are tactics used by the Suffragettes?

      Correct answer: setting fire to letterboxes
      Correct answer: disrupting public meetings
      slow walking in a road
      vandalising public buildings with paint

      Q6.
      Which of the following statements are correct?

      Protests are always justified, even if the law is broken.
      Correct answer: Protests are protected under law; they must balance with public safety & order.
      Laws do not apply to protests as long as the cause is considered important.

      To help you plan your 11 citizenship lesson on: Should protesters ever break the law?, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...