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      The 'j' spellings, including 'g', 'ge' and 'dge'

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can spell words containing the representations of the ‘j’ phoneme: 'g', 'ge' and 'dge'.

      Key learning points

      1. The letter 'j' is never used to represent the 'j' phoneme at the end of the word.
      2. The spelling 'dge' is usually used after short vowels.
      3. The spelling 'ge' is usually used after consonants and other vowel sounds.
      4. The spelling 'g' is often used before 'i', 'e' and 'y'.
      5. How to spell the common exception word: because.

      Keywords

      • Digraph - two letters that represent one sound

      • Trigraph - three letters that represent one sound

      • Consonant - a sound that is made by blocking air in the mouth with the teeth, tongue, lips or palate

      • Short vowel - a vowel sound that sounds short when spoken like "a" in "cat" or the "o" sound in "hot"

      • Mnemonic - a word, short poem, or sentence that can help you remember things such as spelling rules

      Common misconception

      Children may be using 'ge' and 'dge' interchangeably.

      Be very explicit about 'dge' being found alongside the short vowel and the 'ge' spelling being found alongside other vowel sounds.

      Teacher tip

      Repeat the mnemonics again and again in different voices to remind themselves or encourage children to see if they can think of their own mnemonic.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Choose the correct spelling to complete this sentence: I am __________ to see my mum after school .

      gowing
      Correct answer: going
      gong

      Q2.
      Match each word to the number of phonemes it contains.

      Correct Answer:jelly,4
      Correct Answer:badge,3
      Correct Answer:joy,2

      Q3.
      Where is the 'j' sound found in the word 'jelly'?

      Correct answer: the beginning
      the middle
      the end

      Q4.
      Where is the 'j' sound found in the word 'badge'?

      the beginning
      the middle
      Correct answer: the end

      Q5.
      Choose the correct spelling to complete this sentence: The king's son was a __________ .

      princ
      prins
      prinse
      Correct answer: prince

      Q6.
      Choose the correct spelling to complete this sentence: She put money into her __________.

      purs
      purce
      Correct answer: purse

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Choose the correct spelling to complete this sentence: I am tired __________ I stayed up late last night.

      Correct answer: because
      becos
      becaus
      becoz

      Q2.
      Which words contain the 'ge' spelling of the 'j' sound?

      Correct answer: village
      ginger
      gentle
      Correct answer: range
      giant

      Q3.
      Which words contain the 'dge' spelling of the 'j' sound?

      age
      cage
      Correct answer: smudge
      Correct answer: edge
      energy

      Q4.
      Choose the representation of the 'j' sound that matches the words.

      Correct Answer:budge,dge
      Correct Answer:page,ge
      Correct Answer:gem,g
      Correct Answer:jade,j
      Correct Answer:giraffe,g
      Correct Answer:ledge,dge

      Q5.
      Choose the correct spelling to complete this sentence: The bird was trapped in the __________.

      caij
      cag
      Correct answer: cage
      cadge

      Q6.
      Correct the spelling in bold in the following sentence: The cat chased a bird near the hej.

      Correct Answer: hedge

      To help you plan your 2 English lesson on: The 'j' spellings, including 'g', 'ge' and 'dge', download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...