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      Analysing Hardy's presentation of the consequences of war in 'A Wife in London'

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can analyse how Thomas Hardy presents the devastating consequences of war.

      Key learning points

      1. Hardy uses figurative language in Stanza one to create a foreboding atmosphere and foreshadow the devastating news.
      2. Hardy uses pathetic fallacy and symbolism across the poem to reflect the wife’s isolation, confusion and loneliness.
      3. The use of third person perspective creates a detached tone and gives the poem universality.
      4. The poem’s consistent and therefore predictable rhyme scheme reflects the inevitability of loss in war.
      5. Hardy uses punctuation to convey the wife’s shock as she struggles to process the devastating news.

      Keywords

      • Foreshadow - when the writer makes subtle hints about what is to come

      • Morbid - showing an interest in dark or unpleasant subjects, particularly death

      • Gruesome - causing repulsion or horror

      • Monumental - great in importance or size

      • Senseless - extremely foolish - lacking sense

      Common misconception

      Students are quick to identify a poem's rhyme scheme, but they often fail to explain its effect or why it has been used.

      In this poem, Hardy arguably uses the same rhyme scheme throughout to reflect the inevitability of death and grief as a result of war. The rhyme scheme becomes a pattern in the same way that death and devastation becomes a pattern in war.

      Teacher tip

      A creative task that would allow studentss to practice creative writing and test their comprehension, could be to get students to rewrite their own version of the poem in first person from the perspective of the wife. This could be set as additional home learning or a challenge task.

      Equipment

      You will need access to a copy of the Eduqas poetry anthology for this lesson.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of discriminatory behaviour

      Supervision

      Adult supervision recommended

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What did Thomas Hardy believe about war?

      Hardy was pro-war and thought war was unnecessary.
      Correct answer: Hardy was anti-war and thought war was a waste of human life.
      Hardy didn't live through any wars, and had no real opinion on them.

      Q2.
      What does the term 'foreshadow' mean?

      Correct answer: when the writer makes subtle hints about what is to come.
      when the writer makes a direct comparison between two things
      when the writer exaggerates details in their description for dramatic effect

      Q3.
      What person are the pronouns 'he', 'she' and 'they' written in?

      first person
      second person
      Correct answer: third person

      Q4.
      When human emotions are given to non-human objects found in nature, this is known as...

      Correct Answer: pathetic fallacy

      Q5.
      Which example from 'A Wife in London' is a simile?

      "A messenger's knock cracks smartly"
      "She sits in the tawny vapour"
      Correct answer: "Like a waning taper The street-lamp glimmers cold"

      Q6.
      The way a poem is organised is the of the poem.

      Correct Answer: structure

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Which methods come under the term 'figurative language?

      Correct answer: simile
      repetition
      Correct answer: metaphor
      Correct answer: personification

      Q2.
      What is the effect of pathetic fallacy in 'A Wife in London' by Hardy?

      Correct answer: creates a foreboding atmosphere
      Correct answer: creates the impression the wife is isolated
      created the impression the wife is sad

      Q3.
      Which quotation from 'A Wife in London' suggests a false hope and emphasises the waste of life lost in war?

      "The postman nears and goes:"
      Correct answer: "In the summer weather"
      "The street-lamp glimmers cold."

      Q4.
      What could the regular and predictable rhyme scheme used in 'A Wife in London' show?

      the wife's shock at the news of her loss
      Correct answer: the inevitability of loss in war
      the poem's universality

      Q5.
      Using third person gives 'A Wife in London' a feeling of ...

      Correct Answer: universality

      Q6.
      What might the use of punctuation in this line from 'A Wife in London' show: "He - has fallen - in the far South Land …"?

      Correct answer: the robotic nature of the delivery of the news
      Correct answer: the wife’s shock as she struggles to process the devastating news
      the wife’s isolation and loneliness

      To help you plan your 10 English lesson on: Analysing Hardy's presentation of the consequences of war in 'A Wife in London', download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...