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      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can explain what the Antarctic Treaty is and can explain some reasons why people go to Antarctica

      Key learning points

      1. Due to its inaccessibility, the continent of Antarctica has only been visited and explored over the past 250 years.
      2. People first went to the Southern Ocean and Antarctica hunting for whales, then explorers raced to the South Pole.
      3. The Antarctic Treaty is there to protect the continent and states no one country can claim it as its own.
      4. There is no permanent population in Antarctica but scientists and tourists visit the continent.

      Keywords

      • Whaling - Whaling is the hunting of whales for oil and meat

      • Antarctic Treaty - The Antarctic Treaty is a set of rules signed by 54 countries to protect Antarctica

      • Tourism - Tourism means people travelling to a different place from where they live for a holiday

      • Research - Work done to collect information in an organised way in order to increase understanding about a topic is known as research

      Common misconception

      Antarctica has its own government.

      Antarctica is protected by the Antarctic Treaty.

      Licence

      This content is Ā© Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What continent is Antarctica closest to?

      Oceania
      Asia
      Correct answer: South America

      Q2.
      How many countries are there in Antarctica?

      Correct answer: 0
      1
      3

      Q3.
      What is tourism?

      People moving somewhere else to live
      Correct answer: People going on holiday or visiting an area for a short time
      People changing jobs

      Q4.
      Where is the coldest and windiest place on earth?

      Arctic
      Mount Everest
      Correct answer: Antarctica
      Greenland

      Q5.
      When is the Antarctic summer?

      Correct answer: November - March
      May - Spetember
      all year round
      never

      Q6.
      Which type of penguin can survive the Antarctic winter?

      Correct answer: Chinstrap Penguin
      Emperor Penguin
      No penguins stay for the winter

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      When did people first start to visit Antarctica?

      Over 1 million years ago
      1,000 years ago
      500 years ago
      Correct answer: 250 years ago
      the last 10 years

      Q2.
      Why did the first people visit Antarctica?

      research
      mining
      Correct answer: whaling
      tourism

      Q3.
      Who was the first person to reach the South Pole?

      Robert Falcon Scott
      Correct answer: Roald Amundsun
      Edmund Hillary
      Neil Armstrong

      Q4.
      Which of these is not a reason why people visit Antarctica today?

      Correct answer: To live there permanently
      Research
      Tourism

      Q5.
      What is the Antarctic Treaty?

      Correct answer: An agreement made between different countries to protect Antarctica
      A festival to celebrate Antarctica
      The government of Antarctica

      Q6.
      Which of these is not a rule of the Antarctic Treaty?

      Protecting the plants and animals
      No wars allowed
      no mining for gas and oil
      Correct answer: All animals are allowed to come onto the continent

      To help you plan your 2 geography lesson on: Living in the Antarctic, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...