New
New
Year 8

Inside Earth

I can describe the structure of Earth and how the pattern of earthquakes and volcanoes relate to Earth's tectonic plates.

New
New
Year 8

Inside Earth

I can describe the structure of Earth and how the pattern of earthquakes and volcanoes relate to Earth's tectonic plates.

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Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. Earth is made up of four main layers: the inner core, outer core, mantle and crust.
  2. Together the upper mantle and the crust form Earth’s rigid outer layer: the lithosphere.
  3. The lithosphere is broken into large sections or tectonic plates.
  4. Most earthquakes and volcanoes occur at plate boundaries.

Keywords

  • Pressure - a force pushing or pressing on a given area

  • Density - density is the mass of something compared to its volume

  • Tectonic plate - the huge pieces that Earth’s crust is broken into

  • Plate boundary - the point where two tectonic plates meet

Common misconception

Earthquakes and volcanoes happen on tectonic plates.

Tectonic plates cover the whole world, this would mean they happen everywhere. The majority of earthquakes and volcanoes occur at plate boundaries (where two plates meet), though there are some which happen away from boundaries.


To help you plan your year 8 geography lesson on: Inside Earth, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...

A real or imaginary hardboiled egg can be used as a model: shell = crust, white = mantle and yolk = core, squeeze to crack the shell to show how the tectonic plates fit together. In addition, show students a globe and turn it round to the Pacific to demonstrate a Pacific centred map.
Teacher tip

Equipment

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Lesson video

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Prior knowledge starter quiz

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6 Questions

Q1.
What is Earth's outermost layer called?
Mantle
Correct answer: Crust
Core
Lithosphere
Q2.
What is a volcano?
A type of mountain
Correct answer: A crack in Earth's crust that releases lava
A large ocean
A form of weather
Q3.
What is a volcanic eruption?
A flood caused by heavy rain
Correct answer: The release of gas, ash, and molten rock from a volcano
A large earthquake
The formation of mountains over time
Q4.
What is lava?
Solid rock
Water
Correct answer: Magma that reaches Earth's surface
Air
Q5.
What is an earthquake?
A large storm
Correct answer: A sudden shaking of the ground caused by the movement of tectonic plates
A type of volcanic eruption
A change in weather patterns
Q6.
Which layer of Earth contains magma?
Crust
Correct answer: Mantle
Core
Atmosphere

Assessment exit quiz

Download quiz pdf

4 Questions

Q1.
What is pressure?
A form of matter that can flow
Correct answer: A force pushing or pressing on a given area
The mass of something compared to its volume
A solid that does not flow
Q2.
What is density?
A solid matter that does not flow
The force that causes earthquakes
Correct answer: The mass of something compared to its volume
A form of liquid that doesn't have a specific shape
Q3.
Do earthquakes and volcanoes only happen on tectonic plates?
Yes, they only occur on tectonic plates
Correct answer: No, they can happen anywhere on Earth
Only earthquakes happen on tectonic plates
Only volcanoes happen on tectonic plates
Q4.
Which layer of Earth is primarily made of solid iron and nickel?
Crust
Mantle
Outer core
Correct answer: Inner core