New
New
Year 10
AQA

Ice-shaping processes

I can understand the processes by which ice shapes the landscape.

New
New
Year 10
AQA

Ice-shaping processes

I can understand the processes by which ice shapes the landscape.

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Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. Ice covered large parts of the UK in the past.
  2. Glacial processes have been responsible for shaping the landscape of the UK.
  3. Glacial processes include freeze-thaw weathering, erosion, movement, transportation and deposition (till and outwash).

Keywords

  • Ice sheet - a vast, continuous expanse of ice covering a very large area of land

  • Glacier - a large mass of ice that forms on land and moves slowly due to gravity

  • Freeze-thaw weathering - the break up of rocks caused by water regularly freezing and thawing

  • Glacial till - a mixture of unsorted debris

Common misconception

Ice only affects landscapes during periods of melting.

Ice modifies landscapes through continuous processes of erosion, transportation, and deposition, not just during periods of melting.


To help you plan your year 10 geography lesson on: Ice-shaping processes, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...

To understand processes it may be useful to find animations or videos, or ask pupils to model/talk through explanations with each other.
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Equipment

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Lesson video

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Prior knowledge starter quiz

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6 Questions

Q1.
What is erosion?
Correct answer: What is erosion?
the movement of material from one area to another
material that has been deposited
Q2.
What is weathering?
Correct answer: the breaking down of rock in situ
the wearing away of rock
the movement of sediment from one place to another
Q3.
What is a glacier?
a large body of water that flows over land
Correct answer: a large mass of ice that moves slowly over land
a type of rock formed by volcanic activity
a landform created by wind erosion
Q4.
What is an ice sheet?
a small, frozen body of water found in mountain ranges
Correct answer: a large mass of ice that covers vast areas of land
a type of glacier that only forms in the Arctic
a thin layer of ice found on lakes and rivers
Q5.
Which period is known for extensive ice coverage?
Correct answer: Ice age
Jurassic
Triassic
Q6.
Which areas in the UK were most affected by ice coverage during the last Ice Age?
eastern and southern regions
Correct answer: northern and western regions
southern and central regions

Assessment exit quiz

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4 Questions

Q1.
What is a glacier?
Correct answer: a large mass of ice that forms on land and moves slowly due to gravity
a vast, continuous expanse of ice covering a very large area of land
a mixture of unsorted debris
Q2.
Glaciers the landscape by the processes of abrasion and plucking.
Correct Answer: erode
Q3.
are vast masses of ice that cover large areas of land, over 50 000 square kilometres.
Correct Answer: Ice sheets
Q4.
Order the process of freeze-thaw weathering.
1 - During the day, higher temperatures cause snow to melt.
2 - Water seeps into cracks in the rock.
3 - At night, temperatures drop below 0°C. The water freezes and expands.
4 - The expanding ice pushes against the rock, making the crack larger.
5 - The process repeats as freezing and thawing occur over time.
6 - The crack continues to grow. Eventually, the rock weakens and pieces break off.