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      Using GIS desire lines to visualise and analyse food miles

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can use GIS desire lines to visualise and analyse food miles.

      Key learning points

      1. GIS desire lines can be created using GIS to visualise food miles.
      2. GIS desire lines are straight lines which follow great circles.
      3. GIS desire lines can be configured with pop-ups to improve visualisation.
      4. GIS desire lines can be used to analyse food miles for ingredients or source countries.

      Keywords

      • Food miles - the distance food items travel from their point of production to the point of consumption (not necessarily measured in miles)

      • Desire lines - a graphical technique using lines on a map to show the simple direction of movement from one place to another

      • Great circles - straight line routes which appear curved on 2D maps because they account for the curvature of Earth

      • Pop-up - in GIS, a read-only display of attribute information (e.g. text, images, charts) often linked to a location

      Common misconception

      When configuring GIS desire lines, by default, the field titles are very long and can be easily confused with each other. This is because they are automatically prefixed with the title of the layer.

      Extra care is needed in reading the field names before selection and checking the result in case of errors.

      Teacher tip

      No matter what your level of experience is with GIS, go through all the steps yourself first until you feel confident and fluent. Don't worry if you make a mistake, everybody does, even experienced practitioners!

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What is a natural resource?

      Something man-made used to generate energy
      Correct answer: A material or energy source from nature that people use
      Any product sold in global trade
      A manufactured item used in construction

      Q2.
      Which of the following is an example of a renewable resource?

      Coal
      Natural gas
      Correct answer: Solar energy
      Oil

      Q3.
      Which of these is an example of a non-renewable resource?

      Correct answer: Oil
      Wind
      Tidal energy
      Solar power

      Q4.
      Why are resources unevenly distributed around the world?

      All countries have the same geography
      Most countries choose to import all resources
      Correct answer: Resources depend on geology, climate, and landscape
      Countries do not want to share

      Q5.
      Which of these countries is most likely to rely on imported energy?

      Correct answer: Japan
      Saudi Arabia
      Canada
      Russia

      Q6.
      What is the main problem caused by uneven distribution of resources?

      All countries have too many resources
      Correct answer: Some countries may struggle to meet basic needs
      Resources are only used in cities
      It causes extreme weather

      4 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the keywords to the definition.

      Correct Answer:food miles,The distance food travels from where it is grown to where it is eaten
      Correct Answer:desire lines,Straight lines showing direction of movement from one place to another
      Correct Answer:great circles,Routes that appear curved but represent the shortest surface path
      Correct Answer:pop-up,A small display window in GIS showing information linked to a location

      Q2.
      What is a likely environmental concern linked to high food miles?

      Less food variety
      More local jobs
      Correct answer: Increased carbon emissions from transport
      Lower transport costs

      Q3.
      Which data visualisation would best show how bananas travel from Ecuador to the UK?

      Correct answer: Desire lines
      Pie chart
      Bar graph
      Climate map

      Q4.
      What should you be careful of when selecting fields for desire lines in GIS?

      Whether the tool is online or offline
      Correct answer: That field names can be long and easily confused
      Whether the food is perishable
      That the colours on the map match the legend

      To help you plan your 11 geography lesson on: Using GIS desire lines to visualise and analyse food miles, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...