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      Using GIS maps to analyse links between inequality and migration

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can use GIS maps to analyse links between inequality and migration.

      Key learning points

      1. GIS maps can be used to visualise and analyse inequalities in measures of development such as HDI.
      2. Benchmarks are often used to compare inequalities in measures of development such as HDI.
      3. GIS visualisations can be used to support analysis of reasons for migration.
      4. GIS can be used to visualise and analyse migration trends over time, supported by configured pop-ups.

      Keywords

      • HDI - the Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite measure of development using income, life expectancy and education, ranging between 0 and 1

      • Benchmark - a data value supporting comparison within a data set, e.g. a category boundary or highest/lowest value for measures of development for different countries, such as HDI

      • Pop-up - in GIS, a read-only display of attribute information (e.g. text, images, charts) often linked to a location

      Common misconception

      Chart axes for 'Immigration numbers trend' show numbers are similar for many countries.

      Chart axes appear to be comparable at first, the numbers on the vertical axis differ widely. It is therefore essential to look at the numbers carefully.

      Teacher tip

      The GIS knowledge and skills can be difficult at first and most errors will happen because students skip an important step. It's therefore important to rehearse the steps first yourself so that you can confidently demonstrate the steps as in the video. Encourage peer support, as appropriate.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of sensitive content

      Supervision

      Adult supervision recommended

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Which of these is a common economic development indicator?

      Average temperature
      Correct answer: Life expectancy
      Number of languages
      Internet speed

      Q2.
      What is GDP per capita used to show?

      Correct answer: Average income per person
      The population of a country
      Amount of land in a country
      Government spending

      Q3.
      Which continent has many LICs and NEEs?

      Correct answer: Africa
      Europe
      North America
      Australia

      Q4.
      Why might some countries have lower development levels?

      More rain
      Correct answer: History of conflict or colonisation
      Lots of wildlife
      Large coastlines

      Q5.
      Which of these best describes a Newly Emerging Economy (NEE)?

      A country with low life expectancy
      A country with no global trade
      A country with a declining population
      Correct answer: A country that is rapidly industrialising

      Q6.
      How can natural disasters affect economic development?

      Correct answer: By damaging infrastructure and livelihoods
      By increasing tourism
      By improving climate
      By increasing exports

      5 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the keywords to their definitions.

      Correct Answer:HDI,Composite measure using income, health and education

      Composite measure using income, health and education

      Correct Answer:Benchmark,Data value used for comparison

      Data value used for comparison

      Correct Answer:Pop-up,Displays information linked to a map location

      Displays information linked to a map location

      Q2.
      Which of the following does HDI include?

      Gross domestic product only
      Internet usage and land area
      Correct answer: Income, education and life expectancy
      Unemployment and birth rate

      Q3.
      What makes a pop-up on a GIS map useful?

      It lets you change the map layout
      Correct answer: It provides extra information about a place
      It shows live camera footage
      It adds political boundaries

      Q4.
      Which of the following might indicate inequality on a GIS map?

      All countries shown the same colour
      One benchmark applied to all maps
      The presence of pop-ups
      Correct answer: Strong contrasts in HDI values between areas

      Q5.
      Why is it important to read vertical axes on charts carefully?

      To find countries’ populations
      Correct answer: Because chart scales may differ across countries
      To see political boundaries
      Because they show internet speed

      To help you plan your 11 geography lesson on: Using GIS maps to analyse links between inequality and migration, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...