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      Effects of economic development on people in Indonesia

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can explain how rapid economic change has had positive and negative impacts on people in Indonesia.

      Key learning points

      1. Rapid economic growth in Indonesia has had positive and negative impacts.
      2. Rapid economic change has contributed to demographic change (fertility and death rates).
      3. Rapid economic change has caused urbanisation and created regional disparities in Indonesia.
      4. Economic development and globalisation have had positive and negative impacts on different age and gender groups.

      Keywords

      • Fertility rate - average number of children per woman in a population

      • Death rate - number of deaths per 1000 people per year

      • Inequality - unequal access to resources, wealth or opportunities

      Common misconception

      Economic development in Indonesia benefits everyone equally.

      Economic development in Indonesia is mostly focused in urban areas like Jakarta and Java. Rural areas often miss out on investment, leading to unequal access to jobs, services, and infrastructure.

      Teacher tip

      Students could use GIS layers for population density and for city size to further investigate how economic development affects where people live in Indonesia.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Which island is home to Indonesia’s capital city, Jakarta?

      Bali
      Sumatra
      Correct answer: Java
      Borneo

      Q2.
      What is the climate like in most of Indonesia?

      Correct answer: Tropical
      Temperate
      Dry desert
      Cold and snowy

      Q3.
      What is a transnational corporation (TNC)?

      A local shop in a town
      A government agency
      Correct answer: A company that works in several countries
      A national news station

      Q4.
      Which natural hazards are common in Indonesia due to its location on the Ring of Fire?

      Hurricanes
      Correct answer: Earthquakes
      Correct answer: Volcanoes
      Tornadoes

      Q5.
      What is one impact of economic development in Indonesia?

      Everyone becomes equally rich
      Fewer job opportunities
      Cities are getting smaller
      Correct answer: More people move to cities for work

      Q6.
      Which of the following is an example of globalisation in Indonesia?

      Correct answer: An Indonesian factory producing trainers for a global brand
      Rice farming using traditional tools
      Reading a local newspaper
      A village without electricity

      4 Questions

      Q1.
      What does "fertility rate" mean?

      The number of babies born each year in a hospital
      Correct answer: The number of children per woman in a population
      The number of parents in a population
      How healthy the food supply is

      Q2.
      What does "death rate" measure?

      The number of people moving to another country
      The number of babies born in a year
      Correct answer: The number of deaths per 1000 people per year
      The number of people visiting hospitals

      Q3.
      Which of the following best shows that economic development in Indonesia does not benefit everyone equally?

      All children go to the same school
      Everyone earns the same salary
      The cost of food is the same in all areas
      Correct answer: Some people live in poor rural areas while others have high-paying city jobs

      Q4.
      How has economic development affected cities in Indonesia?

      Cities have become smaller
      Correct answer: More people are moving to cities for work
      People are leaving cities and moving to the countryside
      Cities have fewer jobs

      To help you plan your 11 geography lesson on: Effects of economic development on people in Indonesia, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...