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      Victoria, Scotland and John Brown

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can describe Queen Victoria's relationship with Scotland.

      Key learning points

      1. When Victoria became queen, she ruled England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland.
      2. In 1842, she was meant to go on holiday in Europe, but became ill so her advisers arranged for her to visit Scotland.
      3. Both she and Albert fell in love with Scotland, buying an estate at Balmoral and building their own castle there.
      4. When Albert died in 1861, Victoria was very sad. She was comforted by John Brown, a Scottish servant at Balmoral.

      Keywords

      • Europe - Europe is a continent that is between Asia and the Atlantic Ocean and is north of the Mediterranean Sea

      • Estate - a piece of land with a large house on it is called an estate

      Common misconception

      Pupils can struggle with the fact that the United Kingdom is a country made up of four separate smaller countries. Furthermore we also refer to Great Britain - which can again be confusing for pupils.

      The UK's full name is The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland make up the UK. Great Britain is only the mainland countries of England, Wales and Scotland that share land borders.

      Teacher tip

      Pupils could do some more research for example finding out about other royal residences or castles in different parts of the UK as well as finding out about Balmoral in this lesson. If you are lucky enough to have a castle nearby, how about organising a learning visit?

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of sensitive content

      Supervision

      Adult supervision recommended

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      The Great Exhibition was in...

      1651
      1751
      Correct answer: 1851

      Q2.
      The Crystal was built for the Great Exhibition.

      Correct Answer: Palace, palace

      Q3.
      The Great Exhibition was for people to show off their new….

      dogs
      clothes
      Correct answer: inventions

      Q4.
      Queen opened the Great Exhibition.

      Correct Answer: Victoria, victoria

      Q5.
      Six million people visited the Great Exhibition in __________ months.

      Correct answer: six
      eight
      ten

      Q6.
      The same Crystal Palace still exists today.

      True
      Correct answer: False

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Which countries did Victoria rule over?

      Correct answer: Scotland
      Correct answer: England
      Correct answer: Northern Ireland
      Correct answer: Wales

      Q2.
      A piece of land with a large house on it is called an...

      empire
      Correct answer: estate
      Europe

      Q3.
      Queen Victoria and Prince Albert did not like being in Scotland.

      True
      Correct answer: False

      Q4.
      What was the name of the estate that Queen Victoria and Prince Albert bought in Scotland?

      Correct answer: Balmoral
      Buckingham
      Windsor

      Q5.
      Victoria was very sad when Albert died in…

      1761
      Correct answer: 1861
      1961

      Q6.
      Victoria became good friends with a man named John Brown after Albert died.

      Correct Answer: Scottish, scottish, scotland, Scotland

      To help you plan your 2 history lesson on: Victoria, Scotland and John Brown, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...