New
New
Year 4

Use knowledge of the distributive law to calculate products using known times tables

I can use knowledge of the distributive law to calculate products using known times tables.

New
New
Year 4

Use knowledge of the distributive law to calculate products using known times tables

I can use knowledge of the distributive law to calculate products using known times tables.

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Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. If you know the 2 and 10 times tables you can work out the 12 times table.
  2. If you know the 10 times table you can work out the 9 times table.
  3. The distributive law allows you to add or subtract known times tables to work out new times table facts.

Keywords

  • Partition - Partitioning is the act of splitting an object or value down into smaller parts.

  • Distributive law - The distributive law says that multiplying a number by a group of numbers added together is the same as doing each multiplication separately.

  • Partial product - A partial product is any of the multiplication results we get leading up to an overall multiplication result.

Common misconception

Pupils may think that there is only one strategy for finding a solution and struggle to see that there is more than one way of partitioning a factor.

Spend some time discussing how many combinations of partitioned factor you could use with the distributive law and evaluate each combination for efficiency. This would be a worthwhile guided group task.

Children who are already fluent with 12 times table facts may need encouragement to see this as a way of understanding underlying structures before moving on to factors outside of multiplication table knowledge.
Teacher tip

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2024), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Lesson video

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6 Questions

Q1.
Which factor has been partitioned using the distributive law in the second expression: 12 × 3 = 10 × 3 + 2 × 3
18
Correct answer: 12
3
Q2.
34 + 13 =
Correct Answer: 47
Q3.
57 + 24 =
Correct Answer: 81
Q4.
Which of the following expressions represents the total number of balls if I have 3 tubes of 5 tennis balls and 2 tubes of 5 rounders balls?
3 × 3 + 5 × 2
Correct answer: 3 × 5 + 2 × 5
3 × 3 + 7 × 5
5 + 3 + 2 + 5
Q5.
Which of the following expressions is the array representing?
An image in a quiz
Correct answer: 7 × 4 + 7 × 5
7 × 7 + 4 × 5
7 + 4 + 7 + 5
7 × 4 × 5
Q6.
Double 84 is ___
158
Correct answer: 168
178
188

6 Questions

Q1.
Which of the following expressions is equivalent to 7 × 12?
Correct answer: 7 × 10 + 7 × 2
7 × 11 + 7 × 2
7 × 12 + 7 × 2
Q2.
What is the missing number in the array shown?
An image in a quiz
Correct Answer: 4
Q3.
Use the grid model to help solve 12 × 7 by finding two partial products and combining them. 12 × 7 =
An image in a quiz
Correct Answer: 84
Q4.
Solve 12 × 8 = using the distributive law.
Correct Answer: 96
Q5.
Solve 6 × 12 = using the distributive law.
Correct Answer: 72
Q6.
Which of the expressions below is not equal to 12 × 11?
10 × 11 + 2 × 11
12 × 10 + 12
Correct answer: 10 × 10 + 2 × 1
6 × 11 + 6 × 11
11 × 6 + 11 × 6