New
New
Year 6

Calculate the difference using knowledge of an adjusted subtrahend: difference structure

I can calculate the difference using knowledge of an adjusted subtrahend in a difference structure

New
New
Year 6

Calculate the difference using knowledge of an adjusted subtrahend: difference structure

I can calculate the difference using knowledge of an adjusted subtrahend in a difference structure

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Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. The more you subtract the smaller the difference.
  2. The less you subtract the greater the difference.
  3. A number line can be used to represent the change in the subtrahend.

Keywords

  • Minuend - The minuend is the number being subtracted from.

  • Subtrahend - A subtrahend is a number subtracted from another.

  • Difference - The difference is the result after subtracting one number from another.

  • Adjust - When you adjust you make a change to a number. This is done to make a calculation easier to solve mentally.

Common misconception

Many pupils will try to adjust the difference in the same way that the subtrahend has been adjusted without considering the use of the inverse.

Start simply with double-sided counters to show the concept practically.

You can get the children to create their own sequences of equations with missing numbers to solve for one another. Give certain parameters to avoid overly complex numbers and make sure they know to alternate between concealing the subtrahend or difference each time.
Teacher tip

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2024), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Lesson video

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6 Questions

Q1.
If the subtrahend is 262, which part of the bar model below is the difference?
An image in a quiz
367
Correct answer: 105
262
Q2.
Solve the following calculation mentally by adjusting the minuend and subtrahend. 285 − 77 =
Correct Answer: 208
Q3.
Solve the following calculation mentally using unitisation. = 3,900 − 1,300
Correct Answer: 2,600
Q4.
Solve the following calculation mentally by adjusting the minuend and then the difference. 4,008 − 1,300 =
Correct Answer: 2,708
Q5.
Solve the following calculation using a mental strategy. = 703 − 146
Correct Answer: 557
Q6.
Look at the jottings. What was the value of the adjustment to the subtrahend and the difference?
An image in a quiz
Correct Answer: 24

6 Questions

Q1.
Jun and Laura are flipping coins and recording the results as they go. They each flip the coin 72 times. The table shows how many they each got except one blank cell. How many tails did Laura get?
An image in a quiz
Correct Answer: 39
Q2.
Jun and Laura are flipping coins and recording the results as they go. They each flip the coin 150 times. The table shows how many they each got except one blank cell. How many heads did Jun get?
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Correct Answer: 92
Q3.
Jun and Laura each take the same number of shots at the goal ring in netball. Jun scores 20 Laura scores 17 but misses 18 How many did Jun miss? misses
Correct Answer: 15
Q4.
Jun and Laura each take the same number of shots at the goal ring in netball. Laura misses 32 and scores 21 Jun misses 16 only. How many did Jun score? Jun scored
Correct Answer: 37
Q5.
Look at the pair of equations and use the complete one to help find the missing number in the second.
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Correct Answer: 2.36
Q6.
Look at the pair of equations below and use the complete one to help find the missing number in the second.
An image in a quiz
Correct Answer: 5,003