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Lesson 6 of 6
  • Year 9

Motivic transformation

I can transform a leitmotif to reflect changes in a character.

Lesson 6 of 6
New
New
  • Year 9

Motivic transformation

I can transform a leitmotif to reflect changes in a character.

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Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. Composers use leitmotif to tell us about a character or idea, but also to show changes that occur.
  2. This is done through motivic transformation - changing aspects of the leitmotif to represent changes in the character.
  3. We can change most aspects of a leitmotif, but must keep the melodic shape similar so that it is still recognisable.
  4. Changing articulation, rhythms, dynamics, tempo and harmony can transform a leitmotif to create very different emotions.

Keywords

  • Leitmotif - a musical idea that represents a specific character, place or idea

  • Motivic transformation - when a leitmotif is musically changed to represent a change in the story or character

  • Melodic shape - the shape of a melody, including how it ascends and descends and where it is conjunct or disjunct

Common misconception

Simply changing the instrument makes a leitmotif change mood.

While it does have an impact, changing other elements can make this even greater. Harmony, rhythm, dynamics, articulation and tempo are particularly useful for motivic transformation.


To help you plan your year 9 music lesson on: Motivic transformation, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...

Encourage pupils to really explore their leitmotif, transforming it in as many ways as possible. They may wish to create moods or emotions not explored in the lesson, and this can be a great extension. Consider exploring the following: silly/funny, energetic, spooky, full of joy.
Teacher tip

Equipment

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Lesson video

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Prior knowledge starter quiz

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6 Questions

Q1.
Name something that could be represented by a leitmotif.

Correct Answer: character, place, idea, person

Q2.
Leitmotif was first used in a genre called what?

Correct Answer: opera

Q3.
In which decade were the first movies with recorded sound?

1910s
Correct answer: 1920s
1930s
1940s
1950s

Q4.
What type of tonality would best suit the hero of a story?

Correct answer: major
minor
atonal
any of the above

Q5.
Which two families of the orchestra would we most associate with war?

strings
woodwind
Correct answer: brass
Correct answer: percussion

Q6.
Which pitch range might best suit a dark, sinister character?

Correct answer: low
medium
high
any pitch range

Assessment exit quiz

Download quiz pdf

6 Questions

Q1.
What aspect of a leitmotif makes it recognisable?

the starting note
the rhythm
the dynamics
the timbre
Correct answer: the melodic shape

Q2.
What is the process of changing leitmotifs to tell the story called?

motivic changing
motivic adaptation
Correct answer: motivic transformation
motivic extension
motivic deconstruction

Q3.
To make a leitmotif sound ‘angry’, which of these would be least effective?

strong rhythms
Correct answer: major tonality
accented articulation
loud dynamics

Q4.
To make a leitmotif sound ‘upset’, which of these would be least effective?

soft dynamics
minor tonality
Correct answer: staccato articulation
sustained notes

Q5.
To make a leitmotif sound ‘sneaky’, which of these would be least effective?

staccato articulation
chromatic harmony
erratic rhythms with short notes
Correct answer: loud dynamics

Q6.
Which of these elements could you change in a leitmotif to change its mood?

melodic shape
Correct answer: dynamics
Correct answer: timbre
Correct answer: tempo