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Lesson details

Learning outcome

I can reflect on the idea of personhood for rivers and the difference this might make to their protection.

Key learning points

  1. The writer and academic Robert MacFarlane has written a book on the state of rivers around the world.
  2. He draws attention to the widespread destruction of rivers through exploitation and pollution.
  3. The rights of nature movement campaigns for rivers to be ascribed personhood and given rights to protection.
  4. These ideas are drawn from ancient indigenous worldviews and modern ideas of rights and protection.
  5. We can reflect on the state of rivers in the UK and their need for protection.

Keywords

  • Personhood - state or fact of being considered a person such as having awareness or conciousness

  • Rights of nature - legal and philosophical movement recognising rivers, forests etc. as rights-bearing entities, not just property

  • Indigenous - from a particular place or culture that lived prior to European colonisation

  • Guardian - someone who takes on the role of protecting an entity such as a river

Common misconception

Giving a river legal rights would mean it is seen exactly the same as a human being.

The rights of nature movement wants to give rights to entities such as rivers and ecosystems. Their rights would be protected by humans acting as guardians on behalf of the entity.

Teacher tip

This lesson could be split into two. One lesson could be spent reflecting on what is happening to rivers and understanding the rights of nature movement. The final lesson could allow pupils to debate or reflect on the key unit question of 'is a river alive?'

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
(Collection 2).

Lesson video

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Prior knowledge starter quiz

5 Questions

Q1.
Which continent has Indigenous cultures?

only Australia
only Africa
Correct answer: every continent except Antarctica

Q2.
Indigenous worldviews come from cultures that existed before by Europe.

Correct Answer: colonisation, Colonisation

Q3.
A key idea in many Indigenous worldviews is that:

nature is unimportant
humans dominate nature
Correct answer: humans and nature are tightly connected

Q4.
We understand worldviews by noticing how people reason about .

Correct Answer: personhood, Personhood

Q5.
Which of the following best describes nature as having identity or agency?

Correct answer: environmental personhood
behaviourism
strict materialism

5 Questions

Q1.
Match each keyword to its correct meaning:

Correct Answer:rights of nature,legal and philosophical movement recognising rivers, forests etc.

legal and philosophical movement recognising rivers, forests etc.

Correct Answer:indigenous,from a place or culture that lived before European colonisation

from a place or culture that lived before European colonisation

Correct Answer:guardian,someone who takes on the role of protecting an entity such as a river

someone who takes on the role of protecting an entity such as a river

Q2.
Robert MacFarlane has written a book about the state of around the world.

Correct Answer: rivers, Rivers

Q3.
Robert MacFarlane highlights that many rivers are being damaged by:

overfishing
Correct answer: exploitation and pollution
climate change

Q4.
Rivers with personhood could have legal .

Correct Answer: rights, Rights

Q5.
What issues do many UK rivers face today?

Correct answer: pollution and environmental damage
pure water everywhere
lack of wildlife

To help you plan your 10 religious education lesson on: Reflection: Is a river alive?, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...