the net movement of water molecules through a selectively-permeable membrane from high to low concentration of water molecules

the net movement of particles against a concentration gradient using energy

a difference in the concentration of particles from one area to another

a specialised plant cell found in the roots that absorb water and nutrients into the plant

Plant roots are adapted to absorb water and mineral ions

Combined science

Pupils will learn about ways in which the human body maintains a constant internal environment in response to internal and external change, including changes in temperature and water balance.

Pupils learned about aerobic and anaerobic cellular respiration, including the chemical reactants and products of the processes, and practical ways to measure the rate of cellular respiration in living cells.

This unit covers water and mineral uptake in plants, focusing on root hair cells, xylem, and phloem. It includes transpiration, translocation, and factors affecting water uptake. Emphasis is on rate calculations, graph interpretation, experiments, and data analysis.

Transport and exchange surfaces in plants

an instrument that uses visible light and lenses to magnify a viewed specimen

a glass or plastic disc that refracts light to increase magnification

focus means to make an image sharper and clearer

the number of times greater in size the viewed object is compared to its actual size

Observing root hair cells using a light microscope: practical

substances that are essential for healthy plant growth, including nitrates and magnesium

specialised vessels in plants that transport water and mineral ions

pores in the leaf through which water, oxygen and carbon dioxide can diffuse

the loss of water from a plant’s leaves

the continuous movement of water from the roots to the leaves through the xylem

Transport systems in plants: xylem and transpiration

Observing the structure and distribution of stomata: practical

specialised vessels in plants that transport sugar, amino acids and other nutrients

the process of transporting sugars and nutrients through the phloem

the location that the sugars or nutrients are loaded during translocation

the location that the sugars or nutrients are unloaded during translocation

Transport systems in plants: phloem and translocation

Observing xylem and phloem using a light microscope: practical

a piece of equipment used to measure the rate of water uptake by a plant

a variable which is kept constant between all experiments

the amount of light reaching a given area in a given time

a measure of how much change occurs per unit of time

The effect of light on water uptake by a plant: practical

a series of chemical reactions in the cells of producers, which use carbon dioxide and water to make glucose and oxygen, requiring light

The effects of environmental factors on the rate of water uptake by a plant

the net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

a specialised surface which enables the efficient exchange of substances

the total area of the surface of an object

Transport and exchange surfaces in plants

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These lessons will be removed by end of Summer Term 2025.