An authoritarian regime enforces strict obedience and the expense of personal freedoms.

An allegory is a story, poem or image that has a hidden message, typically a moral or political one.

Socialism is a political ideology that believes in equality and shared ownership of resources and production.

Capitalism is an economic system that encourages profit making and private ownership of business and resources.

Marxism is a political theory based on the work of Karl Marx. It believes in collective ownership and the eradication of social classes.

'Animal Farm': exploring Orwell's influences and purpose

English

'Animal Farm': reading and discussing Chapter 1

'Animal Farm': reading Chapter 2 and exploring the three pigs

'Animal Farm': reading and discussing Chapter 3

'Animal Farm': reading Chapter 4 and considering Snowball as a leader

'Animal Farm': reading Chapter 5 and Napoleon's rise to power

'Animal Farm': reading and discussing Chapter 6

'Animal Farm': reading Chapter 7 and Napoleon's culture of fear

'Animal Farm': reading Chapter 8 and the pigs' corruption

'Animal Farm': reading Chapter 9 and exploring the character Boxer

'Animal Farm': reading Chapter 10 and considering the novella's structure

The characters in 'Animal Farm' and who they represent

Symbolism in 'Animal Farm'

Animal Farm: the pigs and the power of rhetoric

Comparing the presentations of the different pigs in 'Animal Farm'

Exploring the different methods of control and leadership in 'Animal Farm'

Tracking important events and characters in 'Animal Farm'

Essay writing: selecting and exploring quotes from 'Animal Farm'

Animal Farm: Orwell’s structural and stylistic choices

Planning an 'Animal Farm' Essay

Essay writing: unpacking questions and writing theses on 'Animal Farm'

Essay writing: creating introductions and conclusions on 'Animal Farm'

Using context effectively in 'Animal Farm' essays

Evaluating and improving model essays on 'Animal Farm'

Planning and writing an 'Animal Farm' essay

Revising and editing 'Animal farm' essays

In 'Animal Farm: The Pigs and Power', pupils develop a clear understanding of the plot, main characters and themes of the novella. In the second exploration unit, 'Animal Farm: Barriers to Leadership', pupils undertake more nuanced analysis of the pigs grasp for power.

In 'Lord of the Flies', pupils explore how power corrupts and destroys communities. 'In Animal Farm: The Pigs and Power', pupils focus on how power corrupts the pigs, leading to the downfall of their utopian dream.

In this unit, pupils start their exploration of Orwell's 'Animal Farm' by focusing on the pigs and how they weild power. Pupils first read the book before exploring symbolism, key characters and Orwell's methods. They finally hone their essay writing skills and write about the pigs' use of power.

Modern text: first study

A hierarchy is where people or things are ranked with reference to status or authority.

Oppression occurs when individuals or groups of people are unfairly treated and controlled by those in power.

An ideology is a system of ideas, values or beliefs.

If you are privileged you are seen to have special rights or advantages over others.

A rebellion is an action organised by a group of people trying to change the political system.

If you are charismatic you come across as charming and engaging.

Propaganda is the use of information to promote a particular idea in order to influence or manipulate people.

An allusion is a reference to something, such as a historical event or person, that helps to convey a deeper meaning.

The art of effective and persuasive public speaking is known as rhetoric.

An allusion is an implied or indirect reference to something else. In Animal Farm Napoleon is an allusion to Stalin.

If a story has a hidden moral or political message it is known as an allegory.

Bourgeois means belonging to the middle class and having a strong interest in possessions and money.

Maxims are short statements expressing general truths or rules. In Animal Farm ‘Four Legs good, two legs bad’ is a maxim.

If someone shows great courage in the face of danger, they can be said to be showing valour.

Propaganda refers to biased information, created to promote a political cause.

Maxims are short statements expressing general truths or rules. In Animal Farm ‘Four legs good, two legs bad’ is a maxim.

Nuance refers to the subtle changes and variations in something’s meaning.

A hierarchy is any system in which members of an organisation are ranked by authority or value.

To pledge allegiance is to show loyalty to a ruler, group or belief.

If you are in collaboration with someone you are working closely with them.

Deception is to mislead or trick someone into believing something that is not true or accurate.

Manipulation is the influence or control of someone, usually in an underhanded way.

A scapegoat is a person or group of people who are unfairly blamed or singled out for problems, mistakes, or failures.

To manipulate is to control or influence someone or something, usually in a deceptive way.

If a person demonstrates compliance, they are following rules, orders, or requests and doing what is expected of them without resistance.

If you feel disillusionment you are disappointed or have lost faith in something you believe in.

An authoritarian regime exercises complete control over people and limits personal freedoms.

A culture of fear is a social environment where people are constantly scared or intimidated, often by those in power.

Totalitarianism is a form of government where an individual or small group have absolute control and power.

If something is publicised it is made available for all to access.

To consolidate is to make something more certain and stronger.

If something is predetermined, it has already been agreed upon or decided.

To experience terror is to feel intense or overwhelming fear.

To decree is to officially decide or order something to happen. It usually has the force of law.

To lament is a expression of grief or sorrow.

Hypocrisy is when someone says one thing but does the opposite.

If you are superannuated it means you are old and no longer suitable for work.

A readjustment is the act of changing something slightly to improve it.

A reduction is to make something smaller in size.

If you are unscrupulous you behave in a way that is dishonest and unfair.

If something is futile it feels useless, pointless or unsuccessful.

If something is doctored it means it has been altered or manipulated in order to deceive people.

Being idealistic suggests that you believe in the best possible outcome, even if it seems unrealistic.

A cyclical structure is where the end of a piece of writing takes us back to the beginning or refers to the start.

If you subvert something you undermine, challenge or disrupt it.

To represent something is to serve as a sign or a symbol.

Proletariat is a term coined by Marx to describe the class of people who do unskilled work.

If you are apathetic you are unwilling to take action, you show little or no interest or emotion.

Social class describes how people are grouped based on their income, job, and social standing, affecting their life chances.

The bourgeoisie refers to a materialistic upper class that support and benefit from capitalism.

A microcosm is a small place or society that represents something much larger.

Symbolism is where writers use objects, characters, or elements in their work, to represent deeper ideas and themes.

is when someone pretends to hold certain beliefs, while their actions and behavior contradict or undermine these.

A ritual is a set of actions performed in a particular way with cultural, social or religious significance.

Rhetoric is the art of persuasive writing and speaking.

An imperative conveys a command or an order.

Hyperbole is to exaggerate statements or claims. It is intentionally used to overstate for emphasis.

If someone is earnest, they are very sincere and serious.

A revolutionary is someone who actively works for or supports radical change in society.

If you are misguided you have poor judgement and have been influenced in the wrong way.

A ruthless leader is someone who shows no compassion, empathy or mercy. They behave or act in a harsh and severe way.

If you are susceptible you are easily influenced or manipulated.

Nuance refers to subtle or slight variations in meaning.

A persona is the part of your character or personality that is presented to other people.

Ideology is a system of ideas or values that underpin a theory or idea.

A cult of personality is where a public figure (such as a political leader) is presented as a great person who should be admired and loved.

To show reverence is to demonstrate a deep respect for something or someone.

Democracy is a system of government in which power is in the hands of society as well as leaders.

Tyranny is a cruel and oppressive government or rule.

To satirise is to mock or criticise something in order to highlight its flaws or shortcomings.

Cynicism is a distrustful, pessimistic outlook or attitude.

To be judicious is to make good and informed decisions.

Being analytical means to examine things in detail.

Oppression is the exploitation of people by those in power.

If you uttered something you have spoken or made an audible sound.

When a writer gives subtle hints or clues about future events in the story.

The features you would expect to find in a given genre.

This categorises texts based on conventions and themes.

To defy or challenge typical conventions or expectations.

To give out or spread, particularly with reference to news and information.

To rely on or require someone for support.

To present ideas in a clear, coherent and organised manner.

To make something seem acceptable and lawful, particularly something bad.

An overarching argument or the main idea in a response.

To suggest that something is certain. It will definitely happen.

A system in which people are ranked according to power or status.

To make and add notes or short explanations to texts or images.

Something that does not change as a result of time or fashion.

An argument which is overarching encompasses all the main ideas or themes of a text.

To become involved in, or supportive of, questionable actions by others. This is not always done consciously.

A way to divide literature into categories focusing on philosophical, ideological or stylistic similarities.

A feeling of disappointment in the realisation that something is not as good as it seems.

If a statement is applied to more things than to which it directly applies, then it is known as a generalisation.

A repeated idea in a story is known as a theme. Power is a theme in ‘Animal Farm’.

Refers to technical, subject specific language. For example, in English this might be the names of word types of language features.

A word or phrase which organises writing into clear sections and ideas.

In writing, sophisticated means an elevated, well written response that uses excellent vocabulary and references complex ideas.

To behave in a way that contradicts supposed beliefs or feelings.

To use controlling behaviours to gain power over another or get them to behave in a certain way.

A system which positions people in relation to status or power.

To need the support of someone or something in order to exist.

In writing, if the structure is cohesive it is clear how the parts fit together. It has a clear introduction, middle and conclusion.

To arrange things in the order of which they happen in time.

You are elevating something if you are making it higher, or in the case of writing making it better.

Modern text: first study

Animal Farm: the pigs and power

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