The scale on a map shows what size the area that is represented in the map really is.

An aerial photograph is a picture of an object or place that has been taken from above.

The mouth of a river is where it enters the sea or a lake.

A capital city is an important place where important decisions about how to run the country get made.

Locating London

Geography

London as a capital city

London travel and transport

London parks and green spaces

The River Thames

Planning a day out in London

This unit supports pupils' enquiry about the uniqueness of place when they investigate their own locality through fieldwork in 'Local area: Why is (our place) special?' and compare this with a locality overseas in 'Contrasting locality: what is it like to live in Jamaica?'.

This unit deepens pupils' understanding of the UK in 'The UK: What kind of place is it?' by zooming in to explore its capital city, London, and how it is linked to other parts of the UK and the wider world.

This unit explores the capital cities of London and Cardiff through their landmarks, transport, rivers and green spaces. Pupils describe key physical and human features and plan a day out using maps, images and simple route planning.

Life in a capital city: London/Cardiff

Parliament is the group of people who make the laws for the country.

A government is the group of people who are in charge of running the country.

To commute is to travel quite a long distance between your home and where you work.

A feature in the landscape which has a particular meaning attached to it, for example, to help with directions, is called a landmark.

Trade is the buying and selling of goods and services between people, companies and countries.

Public transport is the shared use of vehicles such as trains, buses, trams and planes on routes where people pay fares.

The London Underground is a public transport system of trains that travel through tunnels under the city.

Congestion is where there is too much traffic and movement is difficult.

Pollution is anything that makes the environment dirty or unhealthy.

Green spaces are areas of land with plants, grass or trees that people can visit, such as parks, woods and wetland areas.

Parks are outdoor public spaces where people can go to relax or play.

When something is peaceful it is quiet, calm and not disturbed.

Recreation is an activity done for pleasure.

A National Park City is a city where everyone is encouraged to work together to make life better for people, places and nature.

Navigation is finding a way from one place to another

Banks are the edges of the land beside a river or waterway

Bridges are structures that enable people and vehicles to travel over another space, such as a river or road

A sewer is an underground pipe that takes dirty water, such as from baths and toilets, to the sewage works to be cleaned

A flood is when there is too much water in a waterway, such as a river, and it overflows onto land that is normally dry

To travel is to make a journey from one place to another

A travel guide is a book or online resource that tells you about visiting a place

A route shows the starting point and end point of a journey, sometimes with stops in between

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Life in a capital city: London/Cardiff

What is life like in London?

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