a crusade is a military mission against a group considered by the Pope to be an enemy of the Church

tax is a compulsory payment to the government to cover various costs

scutage was a tax paid by the barons when they were unable to send enough knights to fight for the king

tallage was a tax charged by Norman and Angevin kings on their lands and towns

ancestral means relating to members of your family from the past

King John and the causes of Magna Carta

History

1215 and Magna Carta

The First Barons' War and Magna Carta reissued

Henry III and the 1225 Magna Carta

Simon de Montfort and the First Parliament

The survival of Magna Carta

In this unit, pupils saw that ideas about restricting the power of monarchs had emerged in the medieval period. In 'The English Civil War: what can pamphlets tell us about 17th century politics?', pupils will deepen their understanding of English arguments for restricting royal power by analysing a range of primary sources produced by Parliamentarians in the mid-17th century.

In 'England under Henry II: how successfully did Henry reassert royal authority?', pupils studied methods used by medieval monarchs to consolidate royal power in England. In this unit, pupils will study some of the opposition which formed in response to abuses of royal power in the medieval period.

In this unit, pupils learn about the causes of the Magna Carta, its reissue and its continued importance in the development of the first parliaments. At the same time, pupils analyse how and why the principles of the Magna Carta survived.

Magna Carta: how did Magna Carta survive?

radical is believing or expressing extreme change

a seal is a wax mould attached to written documents to prove it is from a specific person

Magna Carta was a document that limited the power of the king and granted certain freedoms to some English people

a clause is a particular part of a written legal document

the rule of law is a set of laws that everyone, including the king, must obey

to annul means to abolish or reduce to nothing

treason is when someone betrays their country, government or leader

a regent is a person who rules a country for a limited period, because the monarch is absent, too young or too ill

moderate is when something is not extreme and therefore acceptable to a large number of people

something that is reissued is printed or produced again

consensual is when there is a willing agreement of all the people involved and no one is forced to do anything

nobility are the group of people who have a high rank in the feudal system

in this lesson, foreign nobles refers to the nobles who were perceived as belonging to France and not England

in this lesson, native nobles refers to the nobles who were born in England

parliament, or talking meeting, is the group of political representatives who make laws, grant taxes and advise the king

a government is the group of people who officially control a country

a council is a group of people chosen to make decisions on a particular subject

the knightly class is the group of landholders beneath the barons

human rights are the basic rights that many consider all people should have, such as justice and the freedom to say what you think

a compromise is a way of reaching agreement where each person or group give up something that they wanted so they can end the argument

revive is when something is brought back to life, health, existence or use

an ultimatum is a threat in which someone is warned that if they do not do a particular thing, something unpleasant will happen to them

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Magna Carta: how did Magna Carta survive?

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