A factor is a whole number which exactly divides another whole number.

When we compare lists of factors of two or more numbers, any factors that are the same are common factors.

A prime factor is a factor of a number that is a prime number.

Explain how to identify common factors between two or more numbers

Maths

Explain how to identify a common multiple of two or more numbers

Use knowledge of properties of number to solve problems

Explain how to use the factor pairs of 100 to solve calculations efficiently

Use properties of numbers and the commutative and associative laws to simplify calculations

 In this unit pupils will explain how to identify a multiple or common multiple to solve problems in a range of contexts. In the future unit pupils will explain why the product stays the same when one factor is doubled and the other is halved and use knowledge of equivalence when scaling factors to solve problems.

In the prior unit pupils understood and used the concept of factorisation, explaining what a factor is and how to use arrays and multiplication/division facts to find them. They identified prime numbers, square numbers and composite numbers. In this unit pupils will explain how to identify common factors and multiples and use this with knowledge commutative and associative laws to solve problems.

In this unit pupils will explain how to identify common factors and multiples and use this knowledge of properties of number along with knowledge of the commutative and associative laws to solve problems in a range of contexts.

Use common factors and multiples to solve calculations efficiently

A multiple is the result of multiplying a number by an integer (not by a fraction).

A common multiple is a multiple that is common to two or more numbers.

Factors are whole numbers which exactly divide another whole number.

A property is a character or quality that something has.

When you classify objects, you arrange the objects by some property.

The commutative law states that you can write the values of a calculation in a different order without changing the calculation; the result is the same. It applies for addition and multiplication.

The associative law states that it doesn't matter how you group or pair values (i.e. which we calculate first), the result is still the same. It applies for addition and multiplication.

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Use common factors and multiples to solve calculations efficiently

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