Reproduction is the process of making offspring.

Offspring are the young produced following reproduction.

Offspring inherit a combination of features from both their parents.

Genetic material is a substance in cells that contains instructions for various features and life processes.

DNA is a chemical molecule that carries the genetic code.

Reproduction and inheritance

Science

Life cycles and reproduction

Puberty in humans and sexual maturity

Gametes and fertilisation in sexual reproduction

Human reproductive organs

The human menstrual cycle

Gestation and birth in humans

Healthy pregnancy

Pupils will learn about flower structure, wind and insect pollination, fertilisation, seed and fruit formation and dispersal.

Pupils learned about heredity as the process of organisms passing on genetic material to their offspring during reproduction, and about DNA, genes and chromosomes.

This unit explores human reproduction, covering the structure and function of male and female reproductive systems, the menstrual cycle, gametes, fertilisation, gestation, and birth. It also examines how maternal lifestyle impacts the foetus through the placenta.

Reproduction in humans

A life cycle is the stages a living organism goes through in its life.

The growth of an organism is an increase in size due to making more cells.

Reproduction is a common process where living organisms make offspring.

A zygote is the fertilised egg of a human, and the first stage in the life cycle.

Sexual reproduction is the process of making offspring where half the DNA is passed from each parent.

Puberty is a name for the physical and psychological changes that take place when a child becomes an adult.

Hormones are the chemical messengers released by, and transported around, the body.

Reproduction is the process of producing offspring.

The sex cells in humans, which are egg and sperm cells.

Occurs when a sperm and egg cell fuse together to form a zygote.

Formed when a zygote divides to form a ball of cells.

The testes (singular testis) produce sperm and male sex hormones.

The penis is a male sex organ used for sexual intercourse and to release urine.

The ovaries (plural ovary) contain and release egg cells, and release female sex hormones.

The uterus is a muscular bag where the fetus develops before birth.

The vagina is a muscular tube used for sexual intercourse and childbirth.

Hormones are chemical messengers that control organs and processes in the body

Ovulation is the release of an egg cell from an ovary

The ovaries (singular ovary) contain egg cells and release female sex hormones

Egg cells are passed along the fallopian tubes from the ovary to the uterus

Menstruation is when the lining of the uterus breaks down and is passed out through the vagina

The foetus is the stage of human development between an embryo (at around 8 weeks) up to when the baby is born.

The umbilical cord joins the placenta to the foetus. It carries the nutrients and oxygen needed from the mother.

Waves of muscle contractions in the uterus wall during childbirth push the baby down through the vagina.

The placenta is an organ that is attached to the uterus wall; it provides the foetus with oxygen and nutrients from the mother's blood.

The amniotic sac surrounds the foetus and contains fluid which protects it.

Alcohol is a depressant drug present in alcoholic drinks. It slows down the messages travelling between the brain and the body.

Drugs are substances that, when taken in, have an effect on the body.

Reproduction in humans

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