A persistent deviation from a person’s normal appearance, body function or behaviour.

A virus, bacterium or other microorganism that causes disease.

Non-living infectious agents that can replicate inside a host cell.

Unicellular microorganisms that do not have a cell nucleus.

Differences between infectious and non-infectious disease

Science

The gas exchange system in healthy humans

Lifestyle diseases

Asthma

Smoking

Vaping

Recreational drug use: depressants

Recreational drug use: stimulants

Solvent abuse

Pupils will learn more about non-communicable diseases in humans including cardiovascular diseases and cancer; and about communicable diseases in humans and plants caused by pathogens including bacteria, viruses, fungi and protists.

Pupils learned about the major food groups, eating a balanced diet and how it affects health. Pupils also looked at food labels and calculated the amount of energy provided by different foods and investigated the effects of exercise on heart rate and breathing rate.

This unit explores the human gas exchange system, focusing on the impact of exercise, asthma, smoking, recreational drugs, and the differences between infectious and non-infectious diseases. It emphasises understanding scientific methods, evidence, risk evaluation, and peer review importance.

Disease and drugs

The process of oxygen diffusing from the lungs into the blood, and carbon dioxide diffusing from the blood to the lungs.

The process in which air moves in and out of the lungs.

A pair of organs in the respiratory system of humans, and many animals, that provide a gas exchange surface for oxygen and carbon dioxide.

Tiny air sacs in the lungs that carry out gas exchange.

Something that increases the chance of something harmful happening.

A disease that cannot be passed from one organism to another.

This is something a person can do that will affect their health.

A type of non-infectious disease. The risk of it developing is affected by lifestyle factors such as diet and exercise.

A non-infectious disease that affects the gas exchange system.

Tubes that branch from the trachea into each lung.

When the symptoms of asthma get temporarily worse.

Something that increases the chance of ill health.

The action of inhaling and exhaling smoke from burning tobacco.

Highly addictive drug found in tobacco leaves.

The action of inhaling and exhaling an aerosol containing nicotine and flavourings.

A drug is a medicine or other substances that has a physiological effect when introduced into the body.

Something that is done for fun is recreational.

If something is legal it is allowed by the law.

If something is illegal it is not allowed by the law.

A depressant slows down the messages sent from the brain to the nerves.

a medicine or other substance that has a physiological effect when introduced into the body

speeds up the messages sent from the brain the nerves

A solvent is a common chemical substances, some may be misused by people to experience a ‘high'.

Being under the influence of drugs is being intoxicated.

Disease and drugs

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