Develop understanding of the relationship between addition and subtraction
Lesson details
Learning outcome
I can understand the relationship between addition and subtraction.
Key learning points
- Equations can be represented using part-part-whole or bar models
- The sum in an addition and the minuend in a subtraction both represent the whole
- The addends in an addition and the subtrahend and difference in a subtraction both represent parts
Keywords
Minuend - The minuend is the number being subtracted from.
Subtrahend - A subtrahend is a number subtracted from another.
Difference - The difference is the result after subtracting one number from another.
Common misconception
Pupils may find it more difficult to understand equations that start with the whole (e.g. 20 = 50 - 30)
Emphasise the need for balance in equations. To be equal, both sides must have the same value.
Teacher tip
Base ten blocks may be helpful in representing parts and combining them to make a whole. Bar models will help pupils represent equations and understand the relationship between parts and the whole.
Licence
except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).Lesson video
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Prior knowledge starter quiz
6 Questions
Q1.Which numbers in the equation are addends? 28 + 26 = 54
Q2.What number is the sum in this equation? 76 = 60 + 16
Q3.What sum is missing from this bar model?
Q4.Match the sum and the addends.
100
93
60
140
Q5.Which other addition equations match this calculation? 150 + 70 = 220
Q6.Which equations have a sum of 200?
Assessment exit quiz
6 Questions
Q1.What number is the subtrahend in this equation? 36 − 16 = 20
Q2.Match the names to the numbers in this equation: 125 − 50 = 75
50
75
125
Q3.What number is missing from the bar model?
Q4.Match the addition and subtraction equations by looking for the same whole and the same parts.
150 − 60 = 90
90 = 130 − 40
130 − 80 = 50
80 = 150 − 70
Q5.Which equations are represented by the bar model?
Q6.Which equations could be represented by this bar model?
To help you plan your 3 maths lesson on: Develop understanding of the relationship between addition and subtraction, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...
To help you plan your 3 maths lesson on: Develop understanding of the relationship between addition and subtraction, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs.
The starter quiz will activate and check your pupils' prior knowledge, with versions available both with and without answers in PDF format.
We use learning cycles to break down learning into key concepts or ideas linked to the learning outcome. Each learning cycle features explanations with checks for understanding and practice tasks with feedback. All of this is found in our slide decks, ready for you to download and edit. The practice tasks are also available as printable worksheets and some lessons have additional materials with extra material you might need for teaching the lesson.
The assessment exit quiz will test your pupils' understanding of the key learning points.
Our video is a tool for planning, showing how other teachers might teach the lesson, offering helpful tips, modelled explanations and inspiration for your own delivery in the classroom. Plus, you can set it as homework or revision for pupils and keep their learning on track by sharing an online pupil version of this lesson.
Explore more key stage 2 maths lessons from the Understand additive relationships and apply them to rearrange equations unit, dive into the full primary maths curriculum, or learn more about lesson planning.