the branch of science concerned with the physical structures of the body

the study of how the human body works or functions

a combination of the muscular and skeletal system comprising of muscles, bones, joints and connective tissues

the structural frame that supports the body and is made up by a collection of bones

a place where two or more bones meet (articulate)

Bones and structure of the skeleton

Physical education

Classification of bones

Structure of a synovial joint

Different joints and their movements

Muscles of the body and antagonistic pairs

Types of muscle contraction (isometric, concentric and eccentric)

This unit will examine the structure and function of both the skeletal and the muscular systems. It includes locating major bones and muscles before defining and analysing what movements are possible at different joints.

Anatomy and physiology: the musculoskeletal system

a small bone that is used for fine movements

a large bone that is used for gross movements

an area of the body where two or more bones meet (articulate) to allow a range of movements

fluid secreted by the synovial membrane which lubricates the joint

strong connective tissue that acts a buffer between bones; absorbing shock and preventing friction on the end of bones

a short band of tough and flexible tissue connecting bone to bone to stabilise the joint

strong, flexible tissue that attaches muscle to bone

movement that causes the angle at a joint to decrease

movement that causes the angle at a joint to increase

movement away from the midline of the body

turning or circular motion around a joint (which occurs in more than one plane)

the muscle or group of muscles responsible for the movement

the muscle that works in the opposite way of the agonist

a pair of muscles that work together to produce movement - one contracts whilst the other relaxes

group of muscles and tendons in the shoulder that enable a wide range of shoulder and arm movements whilst keeping the shoulder stable

muscle contraction that either shortens (concentric) or lengthens (eccentric)

muscle contraction where the length of the muscle does not alter. The contraction is constant.

lengthening of a muscle when it contracts

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Anatomy and physiology: the musculoskeletal system

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