Reproduction is the process of making offspring.

The offspring of a living organism are the young produced following reproduction.

Offspring inherit a combination of features from both their parents.

Heredity is the process of passing features from individuals to offspring, through reproduction.

Differences between individuals of the same species are called variation.

Heredity

Science

Heredity and genetic material

Genetic material and DNA

A model of the structure of DNA

DNA from fruit

The discovery of the structure of DNA

DNA, chromosomes, genes and the genome

Pupils will learn about sexual reproduction in humans, including the structure and function of the male and female reproductive systems, menstrual cycle, gametes, fertilisation, gestation and birth.

In Year 6, pupils learned that living organisms produce offspring of the same kind, that characteristics are passed from parents to their offspring, and that offspring look similar to their parents and to one another but are not identical to them.

This unit examines the transmission of genetic information through heredity, how scientific methods evolve with new evidence, the importance of publishing and peer review, and the Study of DNA, chromosomes, and genes while developing lab skills focusing on safety.

Heredity and DNA

The environment of a living organism is its surroundings and the conditions in which it lives.

The lifestyle of a living organism is the things it does and the choices it makes, e.g. diet and exercise.

Some of the offspring's features can be inherited from parents, through the process of reproduction.

Genetic material is a substance in cells that contains instructions for various features and life processes.

Cytoplasm is the jelly-like substance inside a cell where the chemical reactions of the cell take place.

The nucleus stores the genetic material of plant, animal and fungi cells.

Genetic material is made of a chemical substance called DNA.

DNA is built from four different molecules (ATCG), which form a genetic code used as instructions to build and control living organisms.

The genetic material of a cell carries the instructions for inherited features and processes, which are passed from parent to offspring.

DNA has a double helix structure made from two chains in a spiral.

The genome is all of the genetic material of a cell.

Scientists use models as simpler representations of complex things and ideas.

A cell is the smallest living building block of an organism, and it contains genetic material that provides the instructions used to build and control the organism.

Genetic material is made of a chemical substance called DNA, in which the instructions are stored using the genetic code.

A mortar and pestle are used to crush and grind up solid samples.

To filter a mixture is to separate out insoluble particles from a liquid. It can be done using a funnel and filter paper.

A pipette is used to transfer small quantities of liquid.

DNA is the chemical substance that genetic material is made out of; it stores the genetic code.

An X-ray is a form of radiation that can be used for creating images.

The genome is all of the genetic material of a cell; it stores the code for all the features and processes of a living organism.

The nucleus is where DNA, wound up into chromosomes, is stored in animal, plant and fungi cells.

A chromosome is a package of tightly wound DNA.

Genes are sections of DNA that code for features and processes.

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